张培基英译中国现代散文选(一)之《离 别》

离 别
——郑振铎
   别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国，当我倚在高高的船栏上，见着船渐渐的离岸了(2)，船与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了(3)，见着了许多亲友挥着白巾，挥着帽子，挥着手，说着Adieu, adieu！听着鞭炮劈劈拍拍的响着，水兵们高呼着向岸上的同伴告别时，我的眼眶是润湿了，我自知我的泪点已经滴在眼镜面了，镜面是模糊了，我有一种说不出的感动！
   船慢慢的向前驶着，沿途见了停着的好几只灰色的白色的军舰。不，那不是悬着我们国旗的，它们的旗帜是“红日(4)”，是“蓝白红(5)”，是“红蓝条交叉着”的联合旗(6)，是有“星点红条”的旗(7)！
   两岸是黄土和青草，再过去是两条的青痕，再过去是地平线上的几座小岛山，海水满盈盈的照在夕阳之下，浪涛如顽皮的小童似的踊跃不定。水面上现出一片的金光。
   别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！
   我不忍离了中国而去(8)，更不忍在这大时代中放弃每人应做的工作而去(9)，抛弃了许多亲爱的勇士在后面，他们是正用他们的血建造着新的中国，正在以纯挚的热诚，争斗着，奋击着。我这样不负责任的离开了中国，我真是一个罪人！
   然而我终将在这大时代中工作着的，我终将为中国而努力，而呈献了我的身，我的心；我别了中国，为的是求更好的经验，求更好的奋斗工具。暂别了，暂别了(10)，在各方面争斗着的勇士们，我不久即将以更勇猛的力量加入你们当中了。
   当我归来时，我希望这些悬着“红日”的，“蓝白红”的，有“星点红条”的，“红蓝条交叉着”的一切旗帜的白色灰色的军舰都已不见了(11)，代替它们的是我们的可喜爱的悬着我们的旗帜的伟大的舰队。
如果它们那时还没有退去中国海(12)，还没有为我们所消灭，那末，来，勇士们，我将加入你们的队中，以更勇猛的力量，去压迫它们，去毁灭它们！
这是我的誓言！
   别了，我爱的中国，我全心爱着的中国！

 
注释：
郑振铎（1898－1958）是我国现代作家，学者。他于1927年8月乘船远离祖国，前往法国巴黎和英国伦敦游学，1929年10月归国。《离别》一文写于这一时期，内分三部分，其中第一部分抒发即将去国的志士情怀。
(1)题目《离别》译为Parting Sorrows，不仅表示告别，且同时把离愁别绪也作了交代。如译为Parting from homeland或Farewell to China似缺乏内涵。
(2)“见着船渐渐的离岸了”译为I watched the ship tearing itself away slowly from the shore，其中tear itself away也可用moving away表达，但缺乏惜别的感情色彩。
(3)“船与岸间的水面渐渐的阔了”译为leaving a widening expanse of water in between，其中in between 指between the ship and the shore。
(4)“红日”指日本国旗，译为the red sun，后面未加flag，是为了配合造句。否则也可译为the sun flag或the rising-sun flag 。
(5)“蓝白红”指法国国旗，英语中常以the tricolour来表达。
(6)“‘红蓝条交叉着’的联合旗”指英国国旗，英语中以the union jack或the union flag表达。
(7)“‘星点红条’的旗“即美国国旗，英语中称之为the stars and stripes。
(8)“我不忍离了中国而去”译为I cannot find it in my heart to leave Chins，其中to find it in one’s heart to do…是成语，作“忍心做……”、“意欲……”解。此句也可译为I cannot bear to leave China。
(9)“更不忍在这大时代中放弃每人应做的工作而去”译为much less during these stormy times when I have to abandon my bounden duty，其中much less是成语，常跟在否定句后面，作“更不用说”（and certainly not）解。又，“这大时代”按内涵译为these stormy times，未按字面直译为the great times。
(10)“暂别了”译为I shall be separated from you only for the present，其中for the present和for the time being同义，都作“暂时”、“眼下”解。
(11)“白色灰色的军舰都已不见了”译为I shall see no more gray or white warships plying our territorial waters，其中plying our territorial waters（往返于我国领海）是添加成分，原文虽无其字，但有其意。
(12)“如果它们那时还没有退去中国海”译为if the foreign warships by that time still hang on to their presence in our territorial waters，其中hang on 是成语，作“坚持”、“不肯放弃”解。又presence一词常用来指（军政）“势力”、“存在”。

Parting Sorrows
——Zheng Zhenduo
    Farewell, China, my beloved homeland! Leaning over the high railing, I watched the ship tearing itself away slowly from the shore, leaving a widening expanse of water in between. Many relatives and friends of mine were waving their hats and white handkerchiefs amidst shouts of “Adieu, adieu!” firecrackers were crackling and apluttering, and sailors shouting goodbye to their buddies on the shore. I was seized with violent emotion, tears welling up in my eyes and blurring my eyeglasses.
    While the ship was steering ahead slowly, I saw on the way many warships in gray or white lying at anchor and fly flags other than our national ones. They were flying the red sun, the tricolour, the union jack or the stars and stripes.
    The banks with their yellowish soil and green grass receded into two greenish strips until they became some mere islets on the horizon. The waters of the sea glistened under the setting sun and kept leaping like romping urchins. The water surface was a vast expanse of gold.
   Farwell, China, my beloved homeland!
   I cannot find it in my heart to leave China, much less during these stormy times when I have to abandon my bounden duty and leave behind so many dear brave fighters—men who are building a new China with their own blood and struggling and battling in all earnest. To quit China at this moment means to dodge my responsibility, and that makes me feel very guilty indeed!
   Nevertheless, I shall eventually answer the call of the times and devote myself heart and soul to my motherland. I am parting from China acquire more experience and search for better ways of struggle. Dear brave fighters of every field, I shall be separated from you only for the present and will soon return to join your ranks with redoubled strength.
   On my return, I hope, I shall see no more gray or white warships plying our territorial waters with flags of the red sun, the tricolour, the union jack or the stars and stripes. I hope I shall see instead our lovely great fleet flying our national colours. 
   Dear brave fighters, if the foreign warships by that time still hang on their presence in our territorial waters, I will join you to do my bit in getting rid of them.
   That is my pledge! 
   Farewell, China, my beloved homeland!