2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会
2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会
2011年4月19日，商务部召开例行新闻发布会，以下为全程实录：
2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会
Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Commerce on April 19, 2011
2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会
各位记者朋友：
Dear friends from the Press,
欢迎大家出席今天的新闻发布会。我是商务部新闻发言人姚坚。很高兴和大家见面，通报2011年1-3月我国商务工作运行的有关情况，并回答大家关心的问题。
Welcome to the regular press conference of the Ministry of Commerce. I am Yao Jian, spokesperson of the Ministry, and very glad to see you here. Now I would like to brief you on the commercial development of China in the first three months of 2011, and then I will take your questions.
一、关于消费市场运行情况
I. China’s consumption market operation
据国家统计局统计，1-3月，社会消费品零售总额42922亿元，同比增长16.3%，其中3月份，社会消费品零售总额同比增长17.4%。总体来看，一季度消费市场主要特点有：
According to the statistics of National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), from January to March, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 4.2922 trillion yuan with a year-on-year increase of 16.3%, among which the retail sales of March grew by 17.4% year-on-year. In general, here are the main features of consumption market in the first quarter:
一是城乡销售总体保持较快增长，消费增速有所回落。1-3月，社会消费品零售总额同比增长16.3%，比去年四季度回落2.5个百分点，比去年同期回落1.6；剔除价格因素实际增长11.6%，比去年同期回落3.8个百分点。
First, urban and rural sales have kept relatively rapid growth on the whole, while the growth rate of consumption fell back. From January to March, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 16.3%, 2.5 percentage points lower than that in the fourth quarter of last year and 1.6 percentage points lower than that in the same period of last year. Excluding price effect, the actual retail sales increased by 11.6%, 3.8 percentage points lower than that in the same period of last year.
二是大型流通企业销售稳定。1-3月，商务部监测的3000家重点零售企业销售额累计同比增长18.4%，比上年同期加快1个百分点。流通行业中零售、批发业销售额同比分别增长18.4%、12.0%，增速分别比上年同期加快1.0和1.7百分点。另据国家统计局统计，1-3月限额以上企业（单位）商品零售额同比增长22.5%，比全国水平高出6.2个百分点。
Second, sales of large circulation enterprises have maintained steady. In the first three months, accumulated sales of 3,000 major retailers rose by 18.4% year on year, 1 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. Sales of retail and wholesale in circulation industry increased by 18.4% and 12.0% year on year respectively, which are 1.0 and 1.7 percentage points higher than those in the same period of last year. In addition, NBS reported that retail sales of enterprises or units above designated size grew by 22.5% year on year during the three months, 6.2 percentage points higher than that at national level.
三是金银珠宝销售持续高速增长，汽车、家用电器等商品增速放缓。据商务部监测，1-3月，金银珠宝销售额同比增长43.5%，增速比上年同期加快18.7个百分点。食品、服装销售额同比增长21.0%、22.5%，增速比上年同期分别加快6.7和4.6个百分点。家具、汽车、家用电器及音响器材销售额同比分别增长8.0%、10.8%和9.6%，但增速分别比上年同期放缓2.8、16.0和11.5个百分点。
Third, sales of gold, silver and jewelry have kept fast growth pace while sales growth of automobile and home appliances slowed down. From January to March, sales of gold, silver and jewelry increased by 43.5% year on year, 18.7 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. Sales of food and clothing rose by 21.0% and 22.5% year on year respectively, 6.7 and 4.6 percentage points higher than those in the same period of last year respectively. Although the sales of furniture, automobiles as well as home appliances and audio equipments increased by 8.0%, 10.8% and 9.6% year on year respectively, the growth rates slowed down by 2.8, 16.0 and 11.5 percentage points compared with the same period of last year.
四是主要食用农产品价格小幅回落。1-3月，居民消费价格同比上涨5.0%，涨幅比上年同期扩大2.8个百分点。但在一系列稳定物价措施的作用以及季节因素影响下，蔬菜、鸡蛋价格从2月中旬开始回落，猪肉、食用油价格在4月初出现下降势头。据我部监测，上周（4月11日-17日），36个大中城市18种主要蔬菜批发价格平均为3.58元/公斤，较前一周下降9.8%，降幅比前一周加大5.2个百分点。与前一周比，18种主要蔬菜价格均下降，其中青椒、油菜、辣椒价格分别下降22.8%、19.4%和18.8%，生菜、茄子、黄瓜、豆角、芹菜价格降幅也都超过10%。随着气温回升，蔬菜上市量持续增加，预计价格呈现加速下降趋势。
Fourth, prices of major edible agricultural products dropped slightly. From January to March, the consumer price index (CPI) rose by 5.0% year on year, 2.8 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. However, with the implementation of a series of measures on stabilizing prices as well as changes of seasons, prices of vegetables and eggs began to drop from mid-February, and prices of pork and edible oil showed a trend of decrease from early April. Last week (April 11-17), average wholesale price of 18 major varieties of vegetables in 36 large and medium cities was 3.58 yuan per kilogram, 9.8% lower than that of last week. The decrease rate was 5.2 percentage points more than the decrease rate in the week before last. Compared with last week, prices of 18 major vegetables all dropped, such as green peppers by 22.8%, rapes by 19.4% and peppers by 18.8%. The prices of lettuces, eggplants, cucumbers, beans and celeries all declined by more than 10%. With the rise of temperature and increase of market supply of vegetables, prices are estimated to drop accelerately.
商务部将继续加强蔬菜等生活必需品市场价格的监测工作，对36个大中城市重要商品进行市场监测，对139家大型批发市场价格情况实行每日监测，及时向社会公布，并加强市场调控，确保市场供应充足。
MOFCOM will continue to enhance the surveillance over market prices of vegetables and other necessities, monitor market prices of major commodities in 36 large and medium cities, carry out daily surveillance over prices in 139 large-size wholesale markets, and timely release the information to the public. Besides, we will enforce market regulations in order to guarantee sufficient market supply.
二、关于对外贸易情况
II. Foreign trade
据海关统计，1至3月，全国进出口总额为8003.1亿美元，同比增长29.5%。其中，出口3996.4亿美元，增长26.5%；进口4006.6亿美元，增长32.6%，贸易逆差10.2亿美元（上年同期为顺差139.2亿美元）。
According to the statistics by the Customs, China’s imports and exports from January to March registered US$800.31 billion, up by 29.5% year on year. Among that, exports stood at US$399.64 billion, up 26.5%; and imports was, US$400.66 billion, up 32.6%. The trade deficit was US$1.02 billion. (The foreign trade recorded a favourable balance US$13.92 billion in the same period of last year.)
（一）进口额创历史新高，出现小幅季度逆差。在世界经济缓慢复苏和国际市场需求回暖的情况下，一季度出口达到3996.4亿美元，增长26.5%，其中价格上涨拉动11个百分点；在国内需求增加，国际大宗商品价格上涨等因素共同作用下，进口达到4006.6亿美元，创季度规模历史新高，增长32.6%，其中价格上涨拉动16.5个百分点。由于进口增速快于出口增速，一季度贸易逆差10.2亿美元，近6年来首次出现季度逆差。
(I) Imports volume hit a record high, giving rise to a slight deficit in this quarter. Under the situation that the world economy is slowly recovering and the demand of the international market is increasing, China’s exports reached US$399.64 billion in the first quarter, up 26.5%. Among that, 11 percentage points of growth rate were due to price rise. Thanks to the increasing domestic demand and price rise of international bulk commodities, imports increased by 32.6% to US$400.66 billion, hitting a quarterly record high, among which, 16.5 percentage points were attributable to price rise since the growth of imports was faster than that of exports, trade deficit of the first quarter amounted to US$1.02 billion, being the first quarterly deficit for nearly 6 years.
（二）对欧美出口份额下降，与部分新兴市场贸易快速增长。一季度，我对欧盟、美国出口分别增长17.2%和21.4%，占整体出口比重为19.2%和16.5%，分别下降1.5和0.7个百分点。对日本出口增长28.1%，高于整体增幅1.6个百分点；自日本进口增长26.4%，低于整体增幅6.2个百分点。与部分新兴市场如南非、巴西双边贸易增长较快，贸易额分别增长107.1%和57.7%。
(II) Share of exports to European and American markets declined while trade with several emerging markets enjoyed a rapid increase. In the first quarter, China’s export to European Union and the U.S. increased by 17.2% and 21.4% respectively and accounted for 19.2% and 16.5% of the total export, decreasing by 1.5 and 0.7 percentage points respectively. Specifically, export to Japan increased by 28.1%, 1.6 percentage points higher than the total growth; imports from Japan increased by 26.4%, 6.2 percentage points lower than the total growth. Besides, bilateral trades grew relatively faster with several emerging markets, such as South Africa and Brazil, each with an increase of 107.1% and 57.7% respectively in trade value.
（三）资源品进口量增价涨，轻纺产品出口增势好于机电产品。一季度，原油、铁矿砂、成品油进口数量分别增长11.9%、14.4%和27.7%，价格分别增长24.3%、59.5%和18.7%，这三种商品合计拉动进口增长9.1个百分点，其中价格上涨拉动5.9个百分点。服装、纺织、鞋类、家具、箱包、玩具合计出口719.9亿美元，增长23.8%。机电产品出口2320.3亿美元，增长22.8%，低于整体增幅3.7个百分点，其中自动数据处理设备、集成电路、彩电和摩托车出口分别增长5.8%、12.5%、14%和16.6%，均低于整体出口增幅。
(III) Both volume and price jumped in the import of resource, and export growth momentum of light industrial and textile products was better than that of mechanical and electrical products. In the first quarter, the imports of crude oil, iron ore and oil refined jumped by 11.9%, 14.4%and 27.7% respectively, each with an increase of 24.3%, 59.5%and 18.7% in price. Those three commodities jointly contributed 9.1 percentage points to import growth, among which 5.9 percentage points came from price rise. Exports of clothing, textiles, footwear, furniture, bags and suit cases as well as toys totaled US$71.99 billion, up 23.8%. Exports of mechanical and electrical products registered US$232.03 billion, up by 22.8%, 3.7 percentage points lower than the total growth. Among them, exports of automatic data processing equipments, integrated circuits, color TV sets and motorcycles increased by 5.8%, 12.5%, 14% and 16.6% respectively, all lower than the overall growth of export.
（四）加工贸易出口比重下降，一般贸易对进口增量贡献较大。一季度，加工贸易出口1845.1亿美元，增长21.6%，占整体出口比重46.2%，同比下降1.8个百分点；进口1074亿美元，增长20.9%。一般贸易出口1859.7亿美元，增长31.7%，占整体出口比重高于加工贸易0.3个百分点；进口2319.5亿美元，增长37.4%，高于整体增幅4.8个百分点，对进口增量贡献64.1%，拉动进口增长20.9个百分点。一般贸易逆差明显增加，为459.9亿美元，增长66.5%。
(IV) The export of processing trade declined in proportion, while general trade made a greater contribution to import increase. In the first quarter, the export of processing trade reached US$184.51 billion, up 21.6%, accounted for 46.2% of total exports, which was 1.8 percentage points lower year on year. Import value reached, US$107.4 billion, up 20.9%. The export of general trade amounted to US$185.97 billion, up 31.7%，0.3 percentage points higher than the proportion of processing trade in the total exports. Imports value of general trade was, US$231.95 billion, up 37.4%, which was 4.8 percentage points higher than the total growth. It accounted for 64.1% in the total import increase of volume, resulting to 20.9 percentage points of increase for imports. The deficit of general trade increased significantly by 66.5% to US$45.99 billion.
三、关于吸收外资情况
III. Attracting foreign direct investment
根据商务部统计，1-3月，全国新批设立外商投资企业5937家，同比增长8.8%；实际使用外资金额303.4亿美元，同比增长29.4%。3月当月，全国新批设立外商投资企业2538家，同比增长10.5%；实际使用外资125.2亿美元，同比增长32.9%。
According to the statistics by MOFCOM, from January to March, 5,937 new foreign-invested enterprises were approved in China, up 8.8% year on year. The actual FDI reached US$30.34 billion, up 29.4% year on year. In March, 2,538 new foreign-invested enterprises were approved in China, up by 10.5% year on year. The actual FDI amounted to US$12.52 billion, up by 32.9% year on year.
（一）外商投资分领域情况。1-3月，农林牧渔业新设立外商投资企业150家，同比下降4.46%，实际使用外资金额4.28亿美元，同比增长13.78%，占全国总量的比重分别为2.53%和1.41%；制造业新设立外商投资企业2450家，同比增12.13%，实际使用外资金额137.4亿美元，同比增长23.6%；服务业新设立外商投资企业2972家，同比增6.98%，实际使用外资金额143.9亿美元，同比增长36.4%。
(I) On foreign investment sectors of fields. In the first three months, the number of newly established foreign enterprises in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry was 150, down by 4.46% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$428 million, up 13.78% year on year, accounting for 2.53%and 1.41% respectively of the country’s total. The number of newly established foreign enterprises in manufacturing industry was 2,450, up 12.13% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$13.74 billion, up 23.6% year on year; The number of newly established foreign enterprises in service sector was 2,972, up by 6.98% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$14.39 billion, up 36.4% year on year.
服务业实际使用外资增速快于制造业近12个百分点，服务业实际使用外资占同期全国总量的比重上升至47.4%，超过制造业所占比重的45.3%。服务业吸收外资主要集中在分销服务业、房地产业、运输服务业、计算机应用服务业以及电力煤气水的生产和供应业。
Actualized FDI in service sector grew faster by nearly 24 percentage points than that in manufacturing sector. Actualized FDI in service sector accounted for 47.4% in the same period of the country’s total, higher than the share of 45.3% for manufacturing sector. FDI in service sector was mainly focused on distribution service, real estate, transport services, computer application services, and the production and supply of electricity, gas and water.
（二）投资来源地情况。1-3月，对华投资前十位国家/地区，依次为香港（196.9亿美元）、台湾（19.2亿美元）、日本（18.3亿美元）、新加坡（14.9亿美元）、美国（8.12亿美元）、英国（6.93亿美元）、韩国（5.09亿美元）、德国（3.61亿美元）、法国（2.28亿美元）和荷兰（1.73亿美元）。前十位国家/地区实际投入外资金额占全国实际使用外资金额的 91.3%。
(II) Concerning sources of foreign investment. From January to March, the top ten countries and regions investing in China were：Hong Kong (US$19.69 billion), Taiwan Province(US$1.92 billion), Japan (US$1.83 billion), Singapore (US$1.49 billion), the United States (US$812 million), the United Kingdom (US$693 million), South Korea (US$509 million), Germany (US$361 million), France (US$228 million) and the Netherlands (US$173 million). The actual investment made by the said ten countries and regions accounted for 91.3% of the country’s total.
（三）全国吸收外资区域分布情况。1-3月，东部地区实际使用外资金额259.6亿美元，同比增长26.1%，占全国85.5%，其中江苏、广东、辽宁、上海和浙江为全国吸收外商直接投资最多的5个省市。中部地区实际使用外资金额20.5亿美元，同比增长28.6%，其中湖南是中部地区吸收外资最多的省份，达到4.85亿美元，占中部地区的23.6%。西部地区吸收外资增速加快。西部地区实际使用外资金额23.3亿美元，同比增长84.1%，高于去年同期水平，占全国实际使用外资总量的比重上升至7.7%，超过中部地区所占比重6.8%。四川是西部地区吸收外资最多的省份，达到8.22亿美元，占西部地区的35.3%。
(III) On the geographical distribution of foreign investment. From January to March, the actualized FDI inflow in eastern region reached US$25.96 billion with a 26.1% year-on-year increase, accounting for 85.5% of the country’s total. Among that, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanghai and Zhejiang were the top five provinces or cities in absorbing FDI. The actualized FDI inflow in central region stood at US$2.05 billion, up by 28.6% year on year. Among that, Hunan was in the first place in terms of foreign investment absorption, reaching US$485 million and accounting for 23.6% of the total share in central region. In western region, the growth rate of absorption of foreign investment accelerated. The actualized FDI inflow in western region amounted to US$2.33 billion, up 84.1% year on year, higher than that in the same period of last year. It accounted for 7.7% of the country’s total in actual utilization of foreign capital, higher than the proportion of 6.8% for central region. Among the western region, Sichuan is the first province in terms of foreign investment absorption, reaching US$822 million and accounting for 35.3% of the total in western region.
截至2011年3月，全国累计批准设立外商投资企业716578家，东、中、西部地区累计批准的外商投资企业分别为597369家、76458家、42751家，所占的比重分别为83.36%、10.67%和5.97%；全国累计使用外资的金额为10815.17亿美元，东、中、西部地区累计使用外资金额分别为9352.89亿美元、874.08亿美元、588.21亿美元，所占比重分别为86.48%、8.08%、5.44%。
By the end of March 2011, 716,578 foreign-invested enterprises were approved on an accumulative basis. Concretely, in eastern, central and western regions, the numbers of foreign-invested enterprises were 597,369; 76,458; and 42,751 respectively, accounting for 83.36%, 10.67% and 5.97% respectively. The cumulative input of FDI reached US$1081.517 billion. In eastern, central and western regions, the cumulative input of FDI amounted to US$935.289 billion, US$87.408 billion and US$58.821 billion respectively, accounting for 86.48%, 8.08% and 5.44% respectively.
四、关于对外投资和经济合作情况
IV. Outward investment and economic cooperation
对外直接投资。一季度，我国境内投资者共对全球98个国家和地区的974家境外企业进行了直接投资，累计实现非金融类对外直接投资85.1亿美元，同比增长13.2%。截至3月底，我国累计非金融类对外直接投资2673亿美元。一季度，我国对外直接投资主要流向中国香港、澳大利亚、开曼群岛、卢森堡、伊朗、美国、新加坡、缅甸、巴西、柬埔寨、老挝等国家和地区，其中对澳大利亚、欧盟等地的直接投资增长150%左右。
Outward direct investment. In the first quarter of 2011, domestic Chinese investors had directly invested in 974 overseas companies in 98 countries and regions, and their outward direct investment in non-financial sectors reached US$8.51 billion on a cumulative basis, up 13.2% compared to the same period of last year. By the end of March 2011, China’s cumulative outward direct investment in non-financial sectors had reached US$267.3 billion. China’s outward direct investment in the first quarter of 2011 mainly flowed to Hong Kong, Australia, Cayman Islands, Luxembourg, Iran, USA, Singapore, Burma, Brazil, Cambodia, Laos, etc.. The investment in Australia and EU increased by about 150%.
一季度，我国境内投资者通过并购方式实现对外直接投资12亿美元，占同期投资总额的14.1%，主要并购项目多集中在制造业。比如，中国中化集团通过境外子公司以3.34亿美元收购荷兰皇家帝斯曼集团所属吉布国际公司50%股权；富丽达集团控股有限公司通过境外子公司收购加拿大纽西尔特种纤维素有限公司90.88%股权；中信集团公司以6242万美元收购西班牙甘达拉公司及西班牙重型设备制造公司100%股权等。
In the first quarter of 2011, the direct outward investment through merger and acquisition was valued at US$1.2 billion, mainly in manufacturing industry, and accounting for 14.1% of the total outward investment. For instance, Sinochem Group took through overseas affiliated company a 50% equity interest in DSM Anti-Infectives from Holland’s Royal DSM N.V. for US$334 million; China's Fulida Group Holdings Ltd. purchased through overseas affiliated company the 90.88% stocks of Canada’s Neucel Specialty Cellulose; CITIC Group acquired 100% stake in Spain’s Gandara Censa Company and Spain’s Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Company.
对外承包工程。一季度，我国对外承包工程业务完成营业额169.8亿美元，同比增长2.9%；新签合同额309.5亿美元，同比增长16.7%。受中东、北非部分国家政局动荡影响，我在该地区承包工程业务下跌明显。其中，我国对外承包工程业务重点国家阿尔及利亚、利比亚新签合同额分别同比下降70.8%和46.9%；营业额下降了32.6%和11.8%。一季度，我对欧洲和拉丁美洲地区业务的突破成为对外承包工程业务增长亮点。在欧洲地区新签合同额17.3亿美元，同比增长179.7%；在拉美地区新签合同额28.1亿美元，同比增长164.4%。
Foreign contracted projects. In the first quarter of 2011, the accomplished turnover of China’s foreign contracted projects reached US$16.98 billion, up 2.9% year on year. The value of newly signed contracts reached US$30.95 billion, up 16.7% year on year. Affected by the political unrest in Middle East and North Africa, business of China’s contracted projects obviously declined. Value of newly signed contracts in Algeria and Libya, the major countries of China’s foreign contracted projects business, decreased by 70.8% and 46.9%, and the turnover was down by 32.6% and 11.8% respectively. In the first quarter of 2011, the breakthrough of foreign contracted projects in Europe and Latin America highlighted the growth of China’s foreign contracted projects. Value of newly signed contracts in Europe reached US$1.73 billion, up 179.7% year on year; and value of newly signed contracts in Latin America hit US$2.81 billion, up 164.4% year on year.
对外劳务合作。一季度，对外劳务合作派出各类劳务人员9.3万人，较去年同期增加近万人，其中承包工程项目外派人员5.7万人，劳务合作派出3.6万人。3月末在外各类劳务人员76.9万人，较上年同期减少近9千人,其中我在非洲各类劳务人员17.3万人,较上年同期减少2.4万人。 (2011-04-19 10:26:41.0)
Foreign labor service cooperation. In the first quarter of 2011, all kinds of labor sent abroad reached 93 thousand, nearly 10 thousand more than that in the same period of last year, among which, labor sent abroad in foreign contracted projects was 57 thousand, and in labor cooperation projects was 36 thousand. By the end of March, the number of all kinds of labor abroad was 769 thousand, nearly 9 thousand less than that in the same period of last year, among which, 173 thousand was in Africa, about 24 thousand less than that in the same period of last year.
五、我国服务贸易发展情况
V. China’s Service Trade Development
（一）服务贸易规模迅速扩大，国际排名提升。 2010年，我国服务贸易进出口总额3624.2亿美元，其中出口1702.5亿美元，进口1921.7亿美元。“十一五”时期，我国服务贸易进出口年均增长18.2%，为全球年均增速8.2%的两倍多。中国服务贸易总量在增长的同时，国际排名不断上升。2005年，中国服务出口和进口分别居世界第九位、第七位，2010年分别上升至第四位和第三位。中国已成为全球服务贸易的重要国家。
1. The scale of service trade has expanded rapidly, with the ranking in global market improving. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the China’s total service trade amounted to US$ 362.42 billion, of which export was US$ 170.25 billion, and import was US$ 192.17 billion. The average annual growth rate of trade reached 18.2%, more than twice the world average growth of 8.2%. As China’s services trade volume increased, its ranking in international market has been improving. In 2005, China’s export and import of services ranked 9th and 7th in the world respectively, and rose to 4th and 3rd respectively in 2010. China has become an important country of service trade worldwide.
（二）服务贸易结构渐趋平衡，新兴服务贸易发展迅速。“十一五”时期，我国传统服务贸易仍占较大比重，但占比呈下降之势。2010年，旅游、运输和建筑服务出口额占服务出口总额的比重为55.5%，较2005年下降近10个百分点。新兴服务贸易在服务贸易中的比重快速上升，其中，高附加值服务贸易出口增势强劲。2010年计算机和信息服务、专有权利使用费和特许费、咨询和广告宣传出口占服务出口总额的比重为21%，比2005年上升10个百分点。
2. Structure of service trade has become more balanced, with trade in emerging services growing rapidly. Traditional service trade, which accounted for a large proportion in China during the 11th Five-Year Plan has period been declining. In 2010, export value of tourism, transportation and construction services accounted for 55.5% of the total export value of service trade, down 10% compared with that of 2005. The proportion of emerging service trade has been increasing rapidly, of which export of high value-added service trade saw a strong growing momentum. In 2010, export of computer and information services, patent royalty, as well as consulting and advertising accounted for 21% of the total export value of service trade, increasing by 10% compared with that of 2005.
（三）重点领域服务出口成效显著，中国文化出口潜力显现。一是建筑服务出口快速发展。“十一五”期间，建筑服务出口增长4.6倍；顺差增长8.7倍。二是计算机和信息服务、咨询在服务出口中的规模优势继续巩固，贸易效益逐步提升。“十一五”期间，计算机和信息服务、咨询出口额分别增长了4倍和3.3倍，年均分别增长38%和34%。三是文化、广播影视、教育、中医药服务等具有中国特色的服务，出口潜力得到进一步发掘。
3. Export of services in key sectors has made remarkable results, and export potentials of Chinese culture are shown. First of all, export of construction services has developed rapidly. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, export of construction services increased by 4.6 times and trade surplus increased by 8.7 times. Second, the scale advantages of computers, and information services and consultation in export of services have been consolidated, with trade efficiency gradually improved. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, export of computer, as well as information services and consultation increased by 4 times and 3.3 times respectively, with an average annual growth rate of 38% and 34% respectively. Third, export potentials of services with Chinese characteristics such as culture, radio, film and television, education and Chinese pharmacology have been further explored.
预计“十二五”时期中国服务贸易将继续保持健康稳定发展势头。但短期内由于运输、旅游、金融、专有权利使用和特许等行业的逆差状况难以改变，中国服务贸易整体仍将维持逆差格局。
It is expected that China’s service trade will maintain a steady and sound development momentum during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, and will remain deficit as it is difficult to make a turn a round for the trade deficit in such areas as transportation, tourism, finance, patent and franchise.
六、关于《国别贸易投资环境报告（2011）》
VI. Foreign Market Access Report 2011
为帮助我企业、机构等了解国际贸易投资环境，提高风险防范意识和能力，依据《对外贸易法》和《货物进出口管理条例》有关规定，商务部今日发布《国别贸易投资环境报告2011》。该报告涵盖了我16个主要贸易伙伴新出台或拟发布的950多项贸易投资政策和壁垒信息，以及66起新立贸易救济措施的有关情况。2010年，我国与上述贸易伙伴之间的进出口总额约占我国对外贸易总额的62.53%。商务部还同时继续发布《国别贸易投资环境报告》农产品分册，汇总涉及农产品的贸易投资管理体制的最新变化、技术性贸易措施等。
In accordance with relevant provisions of the Foreign Trade Law and the Regulation on the Administration of the Import and Export of Goods of China, MOFCOM has released today The Foreign Market Access Report 2011 (hereinafter referred as “Report”) in the aim of enabling Chinese enterprises and relevant organizations to better understand the trade and investment climate and improving the awareness and capability of risk prevention. The Report covers more than 950 items of trade and investment policies and barriers of China’s 16 major trading partners and 66 cases of new trade remedy investigations. China's export to these trading partners accounted for 62.53% of China's total export in 2010. Meanwhile, MOFCOM has released Foreign Market Access Report on Agricultural Products, which was a compilation of the latest adjustment of investment & trade regimes and technical measures to trade in this sector.
《报告》分析认为， 2010年中国的国际贸易和投资环境不容乐观。一是针对我出口产品的贸易救济调查数量依然居高不下。2010年中国出口商品共遭受国外66起“两反一保”调查，涉案总金额为71.4亿美元。其中，反倾销案件43起、反补贴案件6起、保障措施案件16起、特保案件1起。二是美欧等主要贸易伙伴加大使用技术性贸易壁垒、进口限制等措施的力度，增加了我出口企业的成本，提高了商品出口的门槛，直接制约我出口空间。三是涉及我企业的知识产权海外纠纷进一步增多，部分主要贸易伙伴不合理的知识产权保护措施进一步增强。2010年我出口产品共遭遇19起美国337调查。四是部分WTO成员未严格按照其承诺开放某些特定领域，并对外资企业的经营活动设置不合理限制。
According to the Report, China’s international trade and investment environment in 2010 is not optimistic. Firstly, the number of trade remedy investigations against China’s export products remains high. In 2010, there were 66 cases of anti-dumping and countervailing as well as safeguard measures investigations against China; the total value involved was US$7.14 billion. Among them, there are 43 cases of anti-dumping, 6 cases of anti-subsidy, 16 cases of safeguard and one cases of product-specific safeguard investigation. Secondly, China’s major trading partners including Europe and U.S. intensified their TBT and restriction of imports which resulted in higher cost and difficulty for China’s export enterprises, directly restricting China’s export. Thirdly, overseas disputes on IPRs are increasing and measures on IPR protection of some major trading partners are further enhanced. There were 19 cases of Section 337 investigations by us against China’s export products. Fourthly, some WTO members did not open those sectors in compliance with their commitments and took unreasonable restrictions on business activities of foreign-invested enterprises.
《报告》特别提醒企业对外贸易和投资要注意风险防范。第一，要了解WTO规则和贸易投资壁垒的相关知识，不断增强维权意识和能力；第二，在遭遇贸易投资壁垒时要积极应对，特别是要注意团结作战、协调立场、一致对外；第三，要加强行业自律，维护良好的外贸经营秩序，遵守商业道德和市场规则，主动抵制伪劣、低开发票等扰乱出口经营秩序的行为；第四，要逐步增强适应国际市场的能力，努力提高产品质量和附加值，实施市场多元化战略，尽力减少和分散风险。
The Report especially gives advices on preventing the risks from foreign trade and investment to Chinese enterprises. Firstly, understand the WTO rules and trade and investment barriers so as to strengthen the consciousness and ability to safeguard the legal rights; secondly, actively cope with trade & investment barriers and attach importance to coordinating the position and forming united front against barriers; thirdly, intensify the industrial discipline, maintain the sound operation order of foreign trade, obey the commercial ethics and market rules, and take initiatives in resisting disorderly behaviors like selling counterfeit and shoddy products and writing invoice at a lower price; fourthly, gradually improve the adaptability to the international market, strive to improve the quality and added value of products, implement market diversification strategy and try the best to reduce and spread risks.
商务部自2003年以来发布年度《国别贸易投资环境报告》，同时发布《国外贸易投资壁垒信息月报》，报告内容可在商务部进出口公平贸易局网站（http://gpj.mofcom.gov.cn）查询。
MOFCOM began to release annual Foreign Market Access Report from 2003 and Monthly Report on Information of Foreign Trade and Investment Barriers. You can get the reports from the website (http://gpj.mofcom.gov.cn) of Bureau of Fair Trade for Imports and Exports.
原文链接：http://www.kouyi.org/press/1579.html
2011年4月19日，商务部召开例行新闻发布会，以下为全程实录：
2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会
Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Commerce on April 19, 2011
2011-04-19 商务部例行新闻发布会各位记者朋友：
Dear friends from the Press,
欢迎大家出席今天的新闻发布会。我是商务部新闻发言人姚坚。很高兴和大家见面，通报2011年1-3月我国商务工作运行的有关情况，并回答大家关心的问题。
Welcome to the regular press conference of the Ministry of Commerce. I am Yao Jian, spokesperson of the Ministry, and very glad to see you here. Now I would like to brief you on the commercial development of China in the first three months of 2011, and then I will take your questions.
一、关于消费市场运行情况
I. China’s consumption market operation
据国家统计局统计，1-3月，社会消费品零售总额42922亿元，同比增长16.3%，其中3月份，社会消费品零售总额同比增长17.4%。总体来看，一季度消费市场主要特点有：
According to the statistics of National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), from January to March, the total retail sales of consumer goods reached 4.2922 trillion yuan with a year-on-year increase of 16.3%, among which the retail sales of March grew by 17.4% year-on-year. In general, here are the main features of consumption market in the first quarter:
一是城乡销售总体保持较快增长，消费增速有所回落。1-3月，社会消费品零售总额同比增长16.3%，比去年四季度回落2.5个百分点，比去年同期回落1.6；剔除价格因素实际增长11.6%，比去年同期回落3.8个百分点。
First, urban and rural sales have kept relatively rapid growth on the whole, while the growth rate of consumption fell back. From January to March, the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 16.3%, 2.5 percentage points lower than that in the fourth quarter of last year and 1.6 percentage points lower than that in the same period of last year. Excluding price effect, the actual retail sales increased by 11.6%, 3.8 percentage points lower than that in the same period of last year.
二是大型流通企业销售稳定。1-3月，商务部监测的3000家重点零售企业销售额累计同比增长18.4%，比上年同期加快1个百分点。流通行业中零售、批发业销售额同比分别增长18.4%、12.0%，增速分别比上年同期加快1.0和1.7百分点。另据国家统计局统计，1-3月限额以上企业（单位）商品零售额同比增长22.5%，比全国水平高出6.2个百分点。
Second, sales of large circulation enterprises have maintained steady. In the first three months, accumulated sales of 3,000 major retailers rose by 18.4% year on year, 1 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. Sales of retail and wholesale in circulation industry increased by 18.4% and 12.0% year on year respectively, which are 1.0 and 1.7 percentage points higher than those in the same period of last year. In addition, NBS reported that retail sales of enterprises or units above designated size grew by 22.5% year on year during the three months, 6.2 percentage points higher than that at national level.
三是金银珠宝销售持续高速增长，汽车、家用电器等商品增速放缓。据商务部监测，1-3月，金银珠宝销售额同比增长43.5%，增速比上年同期加快18.7个百分点。食品、服装销售额同比增长21.0%、22.5%，增速比上年同期分别加快6.7和4.6个百分点。家具、汽车、家用电器及音响器材销售额同比分别增长8.0%、10.8%和9.6%，但增速分别比上年同期放缓2.8、16.0和11.5个百分点。
Third, sales of gold, silver and jewelry have kept fast growth pace while sales growth of automobile and home appliances slowed down. From January to March, sales of gold, silver and jewelry increased by 43.5% year on year, 18.7 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. Sales of food and clothing rose by 21.0% and 22.5% year on year respectively, 6.7 and 4.6 percentage points higher than those in the same period of last year respectively. Although the sales of furniture, automobiles as well as home appliances and audio equipments increased by 8.0%, 10.8% and 9.6% year on year respectively, the growth rates slowed down by 2.8, 16.0 and 11.5 percentage points compared with the same period of last year.
四是主要食用农产品价格小幅回落。1-3月，居民消费价格同比上涨5.0%，涨幅比上年同期扩大2.8个百分点。但在一系列稳定物价措施的作用以及季节因素影响下，蔬菜、鸡蛋价格从2月中旬开始回落，猪肉、食用油价格在4月初出现下降势头。据我部监测，上周（4月11日-17日），36个大中城市18种主要蔬菜批发价格平均为3.58元/公斤，较前一周下降9.8%，降幅比前一周加大5.2个百分点。与前一周比，18种主要蔬菜价格均下降，其中青椒、油菜、辣椒价格分别下降22.8%、19.4%和18.8%，生菜、茄子、黄瓜、豆角、芹菜价格降幅也都超过10%。随着气温回升，蔬菜上市量持续增加，预计价格呈现加速下降趋势。
Fourth, prices of major edible agricultural products dropped slightly. From January to March, the consumer price index (CPI) rose by 5.0% year on year, 2.8 percentage points higher than that in the same period of last year. However, with the implementation of a series of measures on stabilizing prices as well as changes of seasons, prices of vegetables and eggs began to drop from mid-February, and prices of pork and edible oil showed a trend of decrease from early April. Last week (April 11-17), average wholesale price of 18 major varieties of vegetables in 36 large and medium cities was 3.58 yuan per kilogram, 9.8% lower than that of last week. The decrease rate was 5.2 percentage points more than the decrease rate in the week before last. Compared with last week, prices of 18 major vegetables all dropped, such as green peppers by 22.8%, rapes by 19.4% and peppers by 18.8%. The prices of lettuces, eggplants, cucumbers, beans and celeries all declined by more than 10%. With the rise of temperature and increase of market supply of vegetables, prices are estimated to drop accelerately.
商务部将继续加强蔬菜等生活必需品市场价格的监测工作，对36个大中城市重要商品进行市场监测，对139家大型批发市场价格情况实行每日监测，及时向社会公布，并加强市场调控，确保市场供应充足。
MOFCOM will continue to enhance the surveillance over market prices of vegetables and other necessities, monitor market prices of major commodities in 36 large and medium cities, carry out daily surveillance over prices in 139 large-size wholesale markets, and timely release the information to the public. Besides, we will enforce market regulations in order to guarantee sufficient market supply.
二、关于对外贸易情况
II. Foreign trade
据海关统计，1至3月，全国进出口总额为8003.1亿美元，同比增长29.5%。其中，出口3996.4亿美元，增长26.5%；进口4006.6亿美元，增长32.6%，贸易逆差10.2亿美元（上年同期为顺差139.2亿美元）。
According to the statistics by the Customs, China’s imports and exports from January to March registered US$800.31 billion, up by 29.5% year on year. Among that, exports stood at US$399.64 billion, up 26.5%; and imports was, US$400.66 billion, up 32.6%. The trade deficit was US$1.02 billion. (The foreign trade recorded a favourable balance US$13.92 billion in the same period of last year.)
（一）进口额创历史新高，出现小幅季度逆差。在世界经济缓慢复苏和国际市场需求回暖的情况下，一季度出口达到3996.4亿美元，增长26.5%，其中价格上涨拉动11个百分点；在国内需求增加，国际大宗商品价格上涨等因素共同作用下，进口达到4006.6亿美元，创季度规模历史新高，增长32.6%，其中价格上涨拉动16.5个百分点。由于进口增速快于出口增速，一季度贸易逆差10.2亿美元，近6年来首次出现季度逆差。
(I) Imports volume hit a record high, giving rise to a slight deficit in this quarter. Under the situation that the world economy is slowly recovering and the demand of the international market is increasing, China’s exports reached US$399.64 billion in the first quarter, up 26.5%. Among that, 11 percentage points of growth rate were due to price rise. Thanks to the increasing domestic demand and price rise of international bulk commodities, imports increased by 32.6% to US$400.66 billion, hitting a quarterly record high, among which, 16.5 percentage points were attributable to price rise since the growth of imports was faster than that of exports, trade deficit of the first quarter amounted to US$1.02 billion, being the first quarterly deficit for nearly 6 years.
（二）对欧美出口份额下降，与部分新兴市场贸易快速增长。一季度，我对欧盟、美国出口分别增长17.2%和21.4%，占整体出口比重为19.2%和16.5%，分别下降1.5和0.7个百分点。对日本出口增长28.1%，高于整体增幅1.6个百分点；自日本进口增长26.4%，低于整体增幅6.2个百分点。与部分新兴市场如南非、巴西双边贸易增长较快，贸易额分别增长107.1%和57.7%。
(II) Share of exports to European and American markets declined while trade with several emerging markets enjoyed a rapid increase. In the first quarter, China’s export to European Union and the U.S. increased by 17.2% and 21.4% respectively and accounted for 19.2% and 16.5% of the total export, decreasing by 1.5 and 0.7 percentage points respectively. Specifically, export to Japan increased by 28.1%, 1.6 percentage points higher than the total growth; imports from Japan increased by 26.4%, 6.2 percentage points lower than the total growth. Besides, bilateral trades grew relatively faster with several emerging markets, such as South Africa and Brazil, each with an increase of 107.1% and 57.7% respectively in trade value.
（三）资源品进口量增价涨，轻纺产品出口增势好于机电产品。一季度，原油、铁矿砂、成品油进口数量分别增长11.9%、14.4%和27.7%，价格分别增长24.3%、59.5%和18.7%，这三种商品合计拉动进口增长9.1个百分点，其中价格上涨拉动5.9个百分点。服装、纺织、鞋类、家具、箱包、玩具合计出口719.9亿美元，增长23.8%。机电产品出口2320.3亿美元，增长22.8%，低于整体增幅3.7个百分点，其中自动数据处理设备、集成电路、彩电和摩托车出口分别增长5.8%、12.5%、14%和16.6%，均低于整体出口增幅。
(III) Both volume and price jumped in the import of resource, and export growth momentum of light industrial and textile products was better than that of mechanical and electrical products. In the first quarter, the imports of crude oil, iron ore and oil refined jumped by 11.9%, 14.4%and 27.7% respectively, each with an increase of 24.3%, 59.5%and 18.7% in price. Those three commodities jointly contributed 9.1 percentage points to import growth, among which 5.9 percentage points came from price rise. Exports of clothing, textiles, footwear, furniture, bags and suit cases as well as toys totaled US$71.99 billion, up 23.8%. Exports of mechanical and electrical products registered US$232.03 billion, up by 22.8%, 3.7 percentage points lower than the total growth. Among them, exports of automatic data processing equipments, integrated circuits, color TV sets and motorcycles increased by 5.8%, 12.5%, 14% and 16.6% respectively, all lower than the overall growth of export.
（四）加工贸易出口比重下降，一般贸易对进口增量贡献较大。一季度，加工贸易出口1845.1亿美元，增长21.6%，占整体出口比重46.2%，同比下降1.8个百分点；进口1074亿美元，增长20.9%。一般贸易出口1859.7亿美元，增长31.7%，占整体出口比重高于加工贸易0.3个百分点；进口2319.5亿美元，增长37.4%，高于整体增幅4.8个百分点，对进口增量贡献64.1%，拉动进口增长20.9个百分点。一般贸易逆差明显增加，为459.9亿美元，增长66.5%。
(IV) The export of processing trade declined in proportion, while general trade made a greater contribution to import increase. In the first quarter, the export of processing trade reached US$184.51 billion, up 21.6%, accounted for 46.2% of total exports, which was 1.8 percentage points lower year on year. Import value reached, US$107.4 billion, up 20.9%. The export of general trade amounted to US$185.97 billion, up 31.7%，0.3 percentage points higher than the proportion of processing trade in the total exports. Imports value of general trade was, US$231.95 billion, up 37.4%, which was 4.8 percentage points higher than the total growth. It accounted for 64.1% in the total import increase of volume, resulting to 20.9 percentage points of increase for imports. The deficit of general trade increased significantly by 66.5% to US$45.99 billion.
三、关于吸收外资情况
III. Attracting foreign direct investment
根据商务部统计，1-3月，全国新批设立外商投资企业5937家，同比增长8.8%；实际使用外资金额303.4亿美元，同比增长29.4%。3月当月，全国新批设立外商投资企业2538家，同比增长10.5%；实际使用外资125.2亿美元，同比增长32.9%。
According to the statistics by MOFCOM, from January to March, 5,937 new foreign-invested enterprises were approved in China, up 8.8% year on year. The actual FDI reached US$30.34 billion, up 29.4% year on year. In March, 2,538 new foreign-invested enterprises were approved in China, up by 10.5% year on year. The actual FDI amounted to US$12.52 billion, up by 32.9% year on year.
（一）外商投资分领域情况。1-3月，农林牧渔业新设立外商投资企业150家，同比下降4.46%，实际使用外资金额4.28亿美元，同比增长13.78%，占全国总量的比重分别为2.53%和1.41%；制造业新设立外商投资企业2450家，同比增12.13%，实际使用外资金额137.4亿美元，同比增长23.6%；服务业新设立外商投资企业2972家，同比增6.98%，实际使用外资金额143.9亿美元，同比增长36.4%。
(I) On foreign investment sectors of fields. In the first three months, the number of newly established foreign enterprises in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery industry was 150, down by 4.46% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$428 million, up 13.78% year on year, accounting for 2.53%and 1.41% respectively of the country’s total. The number of newly established foreign enterprises in manufacturing industry was 2,450, up 12.13% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$13.74 billion, up 23.6% year on year; The number of newly established foreign enterprises in service sector was 2,972, up by 6.98% year on year, and the actual utilization of foreign capital was US$14.39 billion, up 36.4% year on year.
服务业实际使用外资增速快于制造业近12个百分点，服务业实际使用外资占同期全国总量的比重上升至47.4%，超过制造业所占比重的45.3%。服务业吸收外资主要集中在分销服务业、房地产业、运输服务业、计算机应用服务业以及电力煤气水的生产和供应业。
Actualized FDI in service sector grew faster by nearly 24 percentage points than that in manufacturing sector. Actualized FDI in service sector accounted for 47.4% in the same period of the country’s total, higher than the share of 45.3% for manufacturing sector. FDI in service sector was mainly focused on distribution service, real estate, transport services, computer application services, and the production and supply of electricity, gas and water.
（二）投资来源地情况。1-3月，对华投资前十位国家/地区，依次为香港（196.9亿美元）、台湾（19.2亿美元）、日本（18.3亿美元）、新加坡（14.9亿美元）、美国（8.12亿美元）、英国（6.93亿美元）、韩国（5.09亿美元）、德国（3.61亿美元）、法国（2.28亿美元）和荷兰（1.73亿美元）。前十位国家/地区实际投入外资金额占全国实际使用外资金额的 91.3%。
(II) Concerning sources of foreign investment. From January to March, the top ten countries and regions investing in China were：Hong Kong (US$19.69 billion), Taiwan Province(US$1.92 billion), Japan (US$1.83 billion), Singapore (US$1.49 billion), the United States (US$812 million), the United Kingdom (US$693 million), South Korea (US$509 million), Germany (US$361 million), France (US$228 million) and the Netherlands (US$173 million). The actual investment made by the said ten countries and regions accounted for 91.3% of the country’s total.
（三）全国吸收外资区域分布情况。1-3月，东部地区实际使用外资金额259.6亿美元，同比增长26.1%，占全国85.5%，其中江苏、广东、辽宁、上海和浙江为全国吸收外商直接投资最多的5个省市。中部地区实际使用外资金额20.5亿美元，同比增长28.6%，其中湖南是中部地区吸收外资最多的省份，达到4.85亿美元，占中部地区的23.6%。西部地区吸收外资增速加快。西部地区实际使用外资金额23.3亿美元，同比增长84.1%，高于去年同期水平，占全国实际使用外资总量的比重上升至7.7%，超过中部地区所占比重6.8%。四川是西部地区吸收外资最多的省份，达到8.22亿美元，占西部地区的35.3%。
(III) On the geographical distribution of foreign investment. From January to March, the actualized FDI inflow in eastern region reached US$25.96 billion with a 26.1% year-on-year increase, accounting for 85.5% of the country’s total. Among that, Jiangsu, Guangdong, Liaoning, Shanghai and Zhejiang were the top five provinces or cities in absorbing FDI. The actualized FDI inflow in central region stood at US$2.05 billion, up by 28.6% year on year. Among that, Hunan was in the first place in terms of foreign investment absorption, reaching US$485 million and accounting for 23.6% of the total share in central region. In western region, the growth rate of absorption of foreign investment accelerated. The actualized FDI inflow in western region amounted to US$2.33 billion, up 84.1% year on year, higher than that in the same period of last year. It accounted for 7.7% of the country’s total in actual utilization of foreign capital, higher than the proportion of 6.8% for central region. Among the western region, Sichuan is the first province in terms of foreign investment absorption, reaching US$822 million and accounting for 35.3% of the total in western region.
截至2011年3月，全国累计批准设立外商投资企业716578家，东、中、西部地区累计批准的外商投资企业分别为597369家、76458家、42751家，所占的比重分别为83.36%、10.67%和5.97%；全国累计使用外资的金额为10815.17亿美元，东、中、西部地区累计使用外资金额分别为9352.89亿美元、874.08亿美元、588.21亿美元，所占比重分别为86.48%、8.08%、5.44%。
By the end of March 2011, 716,578 foreign-invested enterprises were approved on an accumulative basis. Concretely, in eastern, central and western regions, the numbers of foreign-invested enterprises were 597,369; 76,458; and 42,751 respectively, accounting for 83.36%, 10.67% and 5.97% respectively. The cumulative input of FDI reached US$1081.517 billion. In eastern, central and western regions, the cumulative input of FDI amounted to US$935.289 billion, US$87.408 billion and US$58.821 billion respectively, accounting for 86.48%, 8.08% and 5.44% respectively.
四、关于对外投资和经济合作情况
IV. Outward investment and economic cooperation
对外直接投资。一季度，我国境内投资者共对全球98个国家和地区的974家境外企业进行了直接投资，累计实现非金融类对外直接投资85.1亿美元，同比增长13.2%。截至3月底，我国累计非金融类对外直接投资2673亿美元。一季度，我国对外直接投资主要流向中国香港、澳大利亚、开曼群岛、卢森堡、伊朗、美国、新加坡、缅甸、巴西、柬埔寨、老挝等国家和地区，其中对澳大利亚、欧盟等地的直接投资增长150%左右。
Outward direct investment. In the first quarter of 2011, domestic Chinese investors had directly invested in 974 overseas companies in 98 countries and regions, and their outward direct investment in non-financial sectors reached US$8.51 billion on a cumulative basis, up 13.2% compared to the same period of last year. By the end of March 2011, China’s cumulative outward direct investment in non-financial sectors had reached US$267.3 billion. China’s outward direct investment in the first quarter of 2011 mainly flowed to Hong Kong, Australia, Cayman Islands, Luxembourg, Iran, USA, Singapore, Burma, Brazil, Cambodia, Laos, etc.. The investment in Australia and EU increased by about 150%.
一季度，我国境内投资者通过并购方式实现对外直接投资12亿美元，占同期投资总额的14.1%，主要并购项目多集中在制造业。比如，中国中化集团通过境外子公司以3.34亿美元收购荷兰皇家帝斯曼集团所属吉布国际公司50%股权；富丽达集团控股有限公司通过境外子公司收购加拿大纽西尔特种纤维素有限公司90.88%股权；中信集团公司以6242万美元收购西班牙甘达拉公司及西班牙重型设备制造公司100%股权等。
In the first quarter of 2011, the direct outward investment through merger and acquisition was valued at US$1.2 billion, mainly in manufacturing industry, and accounting for 14.1% of the total outward investment. For instance, Sinochem Group took through overseas affiliated company a 50% equity interest in DSM Anti-Infectives from Holland’s Royal DSM N.V. for US$334 million; China's Fulida Group Holdings Ltd. purchased through overseas affiliated company the 90.88% stocks of Canada’s Neucel Specialty Cellulose; CITIC Group acquired 100% stake in Spain’s Gandara Censa Company and Spain’s Heavy Equipment Manufacturing Company.
对外承包工程。一季度，我国对外承包工程业务完成营业额169.8亿美元，同比增长2.9%；新签合同额309.5亿美元，同比增长16.7%。受中东、北非部分国家政局动荡影响，我在该地区承包工程业务下跌明显。其中，我国对外承包工程业务重点国家阿尔及利亚、利比亚新签合同额分别同比下降70.8%和46.9%；营业额下降了32.6%和11.8%。一季度，我对欧洲和拉丁美洲地区业务的突破成为对外承包工程业务增长亮点。在欧洲地区新签合同额17.3亿美元，同比增长179.7%；在拉美地区新签合同额28.1亿美元，同比增长164.4%。
Foreign contracted projects. In the first quarter of 2011, the accomplished turnover of China’s foreign contracted projects reached US$16.98 billion, up 2.9% year on year. The value of newly signed contracts reached US$30.95 billion, up 16.7% year on year. Affected by the political unrest in Middle East and North Africa, business of China’s contracted projects obviously declined. Value of newly signed contracts in Algeria and Libya, the major countries of China’s foreign contracted projects business, decreased by 70.8% and 46.9%, and the turnover was down by 32.6% and 11.8% respectively. In the first quarter of 2011, the breakthrough of foreign contracted projects in Europe and Latin America highlighted the growth of China’s foreign contracted projects. Value of newly signed contracts in Europe reached US$1.73 billion, up 179.7% year on year; and value of newly signed contracts in Latin America hit US$2.81 billion, up 164.4% year on year.
对外劳务合作。一季度，对外劳务合作派出各类劳务人员9.3万人，较去年同期增加近万人，其中承包工程项目外派人员5.7万人，劳务合作派出3.6万人。3月末在外各类劳务人员76.9万人，较上年同期减少近9千人,其中我在非洲各类劳务人员17.3万人,较上年同期减少2.4万人。 (2011-04-19 10:26:41.0)
Foreign labor service cooperation. In the first quarter of 2011, all kinds of labor sent abroad reached 93 thousand, nearly 10 thousand more than that in the same period of last year, among which, labor sent abroad in foreign contracted projects was 57 thousand, and in labor cooperation projects was 36 thousand. By the end of March, the number of all kinds of labor abroad was 769 thousand, nearly 9 thousand less than that in the same period of last year, among which, 173 thousand was in Africa, about 24 thousand less than that in the same period of last year.
五、我国服务贸易发展情况
V. China’s Service Trade Development
（一）服务贸易规模迅速扩大，国际排名提升。 2010年，我国服务贸易进出口总额3624.2亿美元，其中出口1702.5亿美元，进口1921.7亿美元。“十一五”时期，我国服务贸易进出口年均增长18.2%，为全球年均增速8.2%的两倍多。中国服务贸易总量在增长的同时，国际排名不断上升。2005年，中国服务出口和进口分别居世界第九位、第七位，2010年分别上升至第四位和第三位。中国已成为全球服务贸易的重要国家。
1. The scale of service trade has expanded rapidly, with the ranking in global market improving. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, the China’s total service trade amounted to US$ 362.42 billion, of which export was US$ 170.25 billion, and import was US$ 192.17 billion. The average annual growth rate of trade reached 18.2%, more than twice the world average growth of 8.2%. As China’s services trade volume increased, its ranking in international market has been improving. In 2005, China’s export and import of services ranked 9th and 7th in the world respectively, and rose to 4th and 3rd respectively in 2010. China has become an important country of service trade worldwide.
（二）服务贸易结构渐趋平衡，新兴服务贸易发展迅速。“十一五”时期，我国传统服务贸易仍占较大比重，但占比呈下降之势。2010年，旅游、运输和建筑服务出口额占服务出口总额的比重为55.5%，较2005年下降近10个百分点。新兴服务贸易在服务贸易中的比重快速上升，其中，高附加值服务贸易出口增势强劲。2010年计算机和信息服务、专有权利使用费和特许费、咨询和广告宣传出口占服务出口总额的比重为21%，比2005年上升10个百分点。
2. Structure of service trade has become more balanced, with trade in emerging services growing rapidly. Traditional service trade, which accounted for a large proportion in China during the 11th Five-Year Plan has period been declining. In 2010, export value of tourism, transportation and construction services accounted for 55.5% of the total export value of service trade, down 10% compared with that of 2005. The proportion of emerging service trade has been increasing rapidly, of which export of high value-added service trade saw a strong growing momentum. In 2010, export of computer and information services, patent royalty, as well as consulting and advertising accounted for 21% of the total export value of service trade, increasing by 10% compared with that of 2005.
（三）重点领域服务出口成效显著，中国文化出口潜力显现。一是建筑服务出口快速发展。“十一五”期间，建筑服务出口增长4.6倍；顺差增长8.7倍。二是计算机和信息服务、咨询在服务出口中的规模优势继续巩固，贸易效益逐步提升。“十一五”期间，计算机和信息服务、咨询出口额分别增长了4倍和3.3倍，年均分别增长38%和34%。三是文化、广播影视、教育、中医药服务等具有中国特色的服务，出口潜力得到进一步发掘。
3. Export of services in key sectors has made remarkable results, and export potentials of Chinese culture are shown. First of all, export of construction services has developed rapidly. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, export of construction services increased by 4.6 times and trade surplus increased by 8.7 times. Second, the scale advantages of computers, and information services and consultation in export of services have been consolidated, with trade efficiency gradually improved. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, export of computer, as well as information services and consultation increased by 4 times and 3.3 times respectively, with an average annual growth rate of 38% and 34% respectively. Third, export potentials of services with Chinese characteristics such as culture, radio, film and television, education and Chinese pharmacology have been further explored.
预计“十二五”时期中国服务贸易将继续保持健康稳定发展势头。但短期内由于运输、旅游、金融、专有权利使用和特许等行业的逆差状况难以改变，中国服务贸易整体仍将维持逆差格局。
It is expected that China’s service trade will maintain a steady and sound development momentum during the 12th Five-Year Plan period, and will remain deficit as it is difficult to make a turn a round for the trade deficit in such areas as transportation, tourism, finance, patent and franchise.
六、关于《国别贸易投资环境报告（2011）》
VI. Foreign Market Access Report 2011
为帮助我企业、机构等了解国际贸易投资环境，提高风险防范意识和能力，依据《对外贸易法》和《货物进出口管理条例》有关规定，商务部今日发布《国别贸易投资环境报告2011》。该报告涵盖了我16个主要贸易伙伴新出台或拟发布的950多项贸易投资政策和壁垒信息，以及66起新立贸易救济措施的有关情况。2010年，我国与上述贸易伙伴之间的进出口总额约占我国对外贸易总额的62.53%。商务部还同时继续发布《国别贸易投资环境报告》农产品分册，汇总涉及农产品的贸易投资管理体制的最新变化、技术性贸易措施等。
In accordance with relevant provisions of the Foreign Trade Law and the Regulation on the Administration of the Import and Export of Goods of China, MOFCOM has released today The Foreign Market Access Report 2011 (hereinafter referred as “Report”) in the aim of enabling Chinese enterprises and relevant organizations to better understand the trade and investment climate and improving the awareness and capability of risk prevention. The Report covers more than 950 items of trade and investment policies and barriers of China’s 16 major trading partners and 66 cases of new trade remedy investigations. China's export to these trading partners accounted for 62.53% of China's total export in 2010. Meanwhile, MOFCOM has released Foreign Market Access Report on Agricultural Products, which was a compilation of the latest adjustment of investment & trade regimes and technical measures to trade in this sector.
《报告》分析认为， 2010年中国的国际贸易和投资环境不容乐观。一是针对我出口产品的贸易救济调查数量依然居高不下。2010年中国出口商品共遭受国外66起“两反一保”调查，涉案总金额为71.4亿美元。其中，反倾销案件43起、反补贴案件6起、保障措施案件16起、特保案件1起。二是美欧等主要贸易伙伴加大使用技术性贸易壁垒、进口限制等措施的力度，增加了我出口企业的成本，提高了商品出口的门槛，直接制约我出口空间。三是涉及我企业的知识产权海外纠纷进一步增多，部分主要贸易伙伴不合理的知识产权保护措施进一步增强。2010年我出口产品共遭遇19起美国337调查。四是部分WTO成员未严格按照其承诺开放某些特定领域，并对外资企业的经营活动设置不合理限制。
According to the Report, China’s international trade and investment environment in 2010 is not optimistic. Firstly, the number of trade remedy investigations against China’s export products remains high. In 2010, there were 66 cases of anti-dumping and countervailing as well as safeguard measures investigations against China; the total value involved was US$7.14 billion. Among them, there are 43 cases of anti-dumping, 6 cases of anti-subsidy, 16 cases of safeguard and one cases of product-specific safeguard investigation. Secondly, China’s major trading partners including Europe and U.S. intensified their TBT and restriction of imports which resulted in higher cost and difficulty for China’s export enterprises, directly restricting China’s export. Thirdly, overseas disputes on IPRs are increasing and measures on IPR protection of some major trading partners are further enhanced. There were 19 cases of Section 337 investigations by us against China’s export products. Fourthly, some WTO members did not open those sectors in compliance with their commitments and took unreasonable restrictions on business activities of foreign-invested enterprises.
《报告》特别提醒企业对外贸易和投资要注意风险防范。第一，要了解WTO规则和贸易投资壁垒的相关知识，不断增强维权意识和能力；第二，在遭遇贸易投资壁垒时要积极应对，特别是要注意团结作战、协调立场、一致对外；第三，要加强行业自律，维护良好的外贸经营秩序，遵守商业道德和市场规则，主动抵制伪劣、低开发票等扰乱出口经营秩序的行为；第四，要逐步增强适应国际市场的能力，努力提高产品质量和附加值，实施市场多元化战略，尽力减少和分散风险。
The Report especially gives advices on preventing the risks from foreign trade and investment to Chinese enterprises. Firstly, understand the WTO rules and trade and investment barriers so as to strengthen the consciousness and ability to safeguard the legal rights; secondly, actively cope with trade & investment barriers and attach importance to coordinating the position and forming united front against barriers; thirdly, intensify the industrial discipline, maintain the sound operation order of foreign trade, obey the commercial ethics and market rules, and take initiatives in resisting disorderly behaviors like selling counterfeit and shoddy products and writing invoice at a lower price; fourthly, gradually improve the adaptability to the international market, strive to improve the quality and added value of products, implement market diversification strategy and try the best to reduce and spread risks.
商务部自2003年以来发布年度《国别贸易投资环境报告》，同时发布《国外贸易投资壁垒信息月报》，报告内容可在商务部进出口公平贸易局网站（http://gpj.mofcom.gov.cn）查询。
MOFCOM began to release annual Foreign Market Access Report from 2003 and Monthly Report on Information of Foreign Trade and Investment Barriers. You can get the reports from the website (http://gpj.mofcom.gov.cn) of Bureau of Fair Trade for Imports and Exports.
原文链接：http://www.kouyi.org/press/1579.html
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