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英语写作中可用来做替换的单词

动词替换

1.Improve提高:

Promote: 促进AC之间的贸易promote the tradebetween A and C; He was promoted to senior manager in this company.

Advance:our understanding of human genetics has considerably(非常的,可换做vastly) advanced.

Enhance:the publicity has enhanced his reputation.这次宣传提高了他的名望。

Reinforce:reinforce the interference of the autority and its ability of macroeconomic control .加强政府的干预和宏观调控能力。

2.Change 改变:

Transform:多指改头换面,完全改变,不能用于形容slightchange。说到人口变化:the increasing population has transformed the landscape and structure of local industry structure.人口剧增改变了小镇的景色以及当地的工业结构。

3.Emphasize强调:

Highlight:the report highlightthe decline in the numbers of native(可以换作local) plants and insects.

Highlight the significance/magnitude of… 强调…的重要性

Stress:He stresses the need for parents to listen to their children.

Accentuate:the crisis accentuates the gap between rich and poor.

Address:address the ponderance of manipulating the inosculation between… and… in theright perspective 强调正确处理…关系的重要性

(highlightand emphasize 的区别:highlight是告诉人们重点,因而能够让别人注意,类似于老师勾重点;而emphasize则是使重点清晰,不管别人是否能注意得到。而stress则和emphasize差不多)

4.Develop培养:

Cultivate:cultivate the ability of … ;培养情操;cultivatea more relaxed and positive way towards life.

Nurture: 养育,同样可以指培养人才(talents)the sea nurture sample marine animals.

5.Break 破坏:

Impair:impair ability; 主要是破坏能力。

Undermine这个词也是指的是抽象意义上的破坏,有逐渐削弱之意,重点是循序渐进的过程。Undermineone’s ability/confidence/authority/position/credibility

Jeopardize:不能乱用,破坏的东西要上一定的等级才能用此词。比如Jeopardizethe process of peace.破坏和平进程。

Devastate特指毁灭、蹂躏 the earthquake devastated the whole city.

6.Keep 保存

Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词,不要用protect,protect这个词用在保护具体的东西。

7.dealWith解决

Tackle:tackle the problem.

Resolve:resolve dispute争论/conflict冲突/problem/issue/crisis危机;来自拉丁语,比较正式。

8.need 需要

Require:someone requires courage and confidence.

Call for(比较正式):跟need一样的用法(奥巴马演讲中曾用)

形容词替换

1.Everywhere普遍的

Widespread:随便用

Prevalent:Drug abuse isespecially prevalent among teenagers.

Overflow:泛滥 the garden is overflew with colors of flowers.

Rampant: 特指有害的东西泛滥,比如疾病,犯罪等,并且难于控制。

                 E.g. H1n1 Virus is rampant in the world.甲流世界泛滥

2.Good 好的

Impressive, glorious, amazing, brilliant, incredible, attractive…

Beneficial:(反义词:detrimental)the drug is beneficial to the immune system.

be beneficial to fabricating conservation-minded and eco-friendly society 有助于建设两型社会

Advantageous:特指有益的。

Advantageousindustry:优势产业

3.Harmful有害的

Unfavorable ,horrible, disgusting

Inhumane:没人性的

Lousy:E.g. I’m fed up with the lousy job.

Severe:E.g. severe problem, illness, injuries.

Abysmal:低谷 E.g. their performance is abysmal.

Detrimental:smoking is detrimental to your health.

Baneful: 不常用,文学作品里面有“邪恶”之意。

4.Rich 富有的

Wealthy、affluent、ample

There area myriad of stars in the Milky Way. (银河系好多星星啊!)

5.Poor 贫穷的

Impoverished:动词表示使贫穷: The greatdepression had impoverished many third world countries./an impoverished student.

7.Serious严重的

Severe

8.Obvious明显的

Manifest:a manifest error judge 明显判断失误; Adv.Manifestly   E.g. a manifestly unfair system.

Apparent、Evident

Patent:patent impossibilities. 显然不可能的事。

9.Cheap 便宜的

Economical:经济的,不浪费,而不是单纯指某物便宜。经济适用房:economically affordable housing。

Inexpensive=cheap

Reasonable:价格合理的。Reasonable price

Affordable:能够支付的。

名词替换

1.Forefather祖先

Ancestor、Predecessor

2.Difference不同

Gap:沟,generation gap——very common use in CET-4/6

Distinction:sharp/clear distinction between allergy and food intolerance. 

Schism: E.g. “填平两个分支学科之间的分歧” heal theschism between clinical medicine and public health.

3.Crime 犯罪

Delinquency:程度比crime更深,指道德败坏,违法行为,可以与crime连用。

Criminal Act:犯罪行为。

4.Environment环境

Circumstance:under thecircumstances. 相当抽象的词,“情况”。

Surrounding:表示周围居住的环境,相当具体。Nearby可与之互换。The surrounding area, 如果surrounding单独用作“环境”的话,后面必须要加复数--surroundings,而不加复数则只能归到形容词。

Atmosphere、Ambience:这两个词可替换,但是当atmosphere表示大气层的意思的时候则不能。

5.Pollution污染

Contamination: contaminated water 特指被污染的水

6.Human 人类

Individual/men/ones/以及一切表示工人,农民,公务员等等的词

The humanrace

Humankind

Humanity:特别指出,用来表示人性。其他情况不要用。

7.Danger 危险

Hazard:化学、物理危害;隐患:polluted water is a hazard to wild life and nature;safety/ nature hazard.

8.In modern society 在当今社会

In contemporary society

In present-day society

In thisday and age

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