句号
句号(Period或Full Stop)有下面用法:
1.用在陈述句后:
He came here.
He will help me.
但不可用在书名、文章题目、诗歌标题后面,即使是一个句子:
She Stoops to Conquer
My Days Have Been Wondrous Free
2.用在祈使句后:
Come here.
Be good enough to help me.
3.用在形式上为问句而实质上是祈使句的句子后:
Would you take dinner with me.(或?)
Could you wait a few minutes.(或?)
4.用在省略句后:
“Is he worried?”“No,just doubtful.Doubtful of every- thing.”
“Who did it?”“George.”
“John,can you pay me back?”“Not today.”
5.用在主体词后以强调在句末同位语:
He is a great man.A social reformer like Gandhi.
—即使主体词是一主语,亦然:
They all attended the party.Politicians,scientists,and engineers.
—如此句号也可强调句末副词(短语):
He works every day.Assiduously and patiently.
He has lost confidence.In the world and himself.
He works extremely hard.In order to make money.
—也可强调状语从句:
He lost more and more friends.Because he became poorer and poorer.
One can accomplish anything.If one has patience enough.
6.句号也可用于书信中地址的结尾以及日期的后面:
Johnson and Company,
988 King's Street,
Hongkong.
May 16,1982.
The Manager,
Vin Loi Trading Company,
684 Mekong Street,
Bangkok,Thailand.
这些句号可以省略,而逗号有些也可省略,但地址及日期内部的逗号不能省略(如Bangkok,Thailand和May 16,1982)。
7.句号可用在小数前(前面是整数,后面是小数),作为小数点:
$23. 541(=twenty-three dollars and something)
—注意在数字中逗号和句号的差别:
$478,607,823.541
8.用在缩写词后面(可称为缩写号,现在在英国多省略):
Mr.Esq.Mrs.Dr.Rev.St.Jr.Ph.D.Bros.;
Y.M.C.A.U.S.I.S B.B.C.;Co.C.I.F.C.O.D.;
32gr.6ft.4in.; 9A.M.450 B.C.A.D.1150
—如果一个组织已很著名,句号可以省略:
USIS UNO UNRRA UNESCO USSR TVR NBC
—有些缩写词可以分音节,像一个普通词那样读音:
UNO[>U(:::QoQ],UNRRA[>)QT+],USAF[>U(::K$G].
—缩写词如果不能分音节,则必须按每个字母原来的音读
(如bi:bi:si:):
B.B.C.Y.M.C.A.USN
—注意,在下面这些字后不加句号:M,Miss;OE;Henry V,Book Four;1st,2nd,3rd,4th;via,vide,en route;‘flu,Pub,cab,bus,zoo;Fred,Sam;H2O,CaCo3.
9.用在括号内的完整句子中:
He was very ill that day.(I knew very well that he was.)
But he refused to see the doctor.
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