破折号

破折号有以下用法：

1．用在毫无联系的两词句之间：

I thought—Did you see John？

2．用来表示句子没说完：

I think so，but—

3．用来表示口吃（结结巴巴）：

I—I—I—don't—don't know．

4．用在对不同人的讲话之间：

You are right，Mary．—Do you think so，John？

5．用在不同人讲的话之间：

Do you think so？—No．—Why？—Just because I don't think so．

What do they say？—They say honesty is not the best policy．

6．用在后来想起的话语之前：

I saw her two days ago—on the street—with her mother．

7．用在一个重复性同位语（又加上修饰语）的前面或前后：

It was a race—a race against time．

His son—his only son—died．

8．用在同位语或纠正语的前面和后面：

Mary's relatives—in fact，all her acquaintances—knew it．

Mary's acquaintances—especially her relatives—knew it．

These two streets—or rather most of the alleys of this city —were dirty．

9．用在一个名词及其同位语从句之间：

They ignored his request—that everyone must be punctual．

Nobody can answer his question—when can we be happy and free？

10．用在内部含有自己标点的许多同位语的前面和后面：

These three poets—Byron，Shelley，Keats are good friends．

11．用在谓语和后移的主语同位语之间：

Some friends will come tomorrow—John，David，and George．

12．用在举例后面及总括性词（如these，such，all）之前：

Cereals，fruits，vegetables—these are daily food．

He wrote a letter，spoke with John，listened to the re－ port—all at the same time．

13．用在加以强调的词前：

It is a matter of capital，of technique—of courage，too．

He likes books，travels，pictures and—money．

You can be a millionaire—if you know how to become one．

14．用来表示有字母省略：

D—I take it！（这里 e，v，和i省略）

15．用来表示‘到……’（这时用短横）：

The years 1958—1960（=1958，1959，1960）

pages 27－32，或pp，27－32

paragraphs 18—20，或gg 18—20

16．用在某些编号中（这时也多用短横）：

U—235

Class 5—A

17．用在表示出处的词前：

The course of true love never did run smooth．—Shakespeare．

Love can turn a cottage to a gold palace．—German proverb．

To be or not to be，that is the question．—Hamlet．

18．用在移行的句子前（这时也可不用）：

We want to know—

a．When Black killed his friend Kingsley．

b．What he had said to Kingsley's wife．

c．Who he first saw after the murder．