布什清华演讲

乔治·沃克·布什（George Walker Bush，习称小布什）

布什清华演讲

１９４６年７月６日生于美国康涅狄格州，幼年移居得克萨斯州，在得克萨斯州的米德兰和休斯敦长大。他的祖父是华尔街一位富有的银行家，曾是共和党参议员。其父为美国第５１届总统乔治·布什。他１９６８年获耶鲁大学历史学士学位，１９６８年至１９７３年在得克萨斯国民警卫队空军担任战斗机飞行员，１９７５年获哈佛大学工商管理硕士学位。１９７５年至１９８６年，布什在得克萨斯经营一家从事石油开采的公司。１９８９年至１９９４年，他是得克萨斯“牧人” 棒球队主要合伙人。布什１９９４年至２０００年任得克萨斯州州长。他２００１ 年１月就任第４３任（第５４届）美国总统，２００４年１１月３日竞选连任获胜，并于２００５年１月２０日就任第５５届美国总统。他是继美国第六任总统亚当斯之后第二位踏着父亲的足印入主白宫的总统。

President Bush Speaks at Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University
Beijing, People's Republic of China

10:35 A.M. (Local)

PRESIDENT BUSH: Vice President Hu, thank you very much for your kind and generous remarks. Thank you for welcoming me and my wife, Laura, here. (Applause.) I see she's keeping pretty good company, with the Secretary of State, Colin Powell. It's good to see you, Mr. Secretary. (Applause.) And I see my National Security Advisor, Ms. Condoleezza Rice, who at one time was the provost at Stanford University. So she's comfortable on university campuses such as this. Thank you for being here, Condi. (Applause.)

I'm so grateful for the hospitality, and honored for the reception at one of China's, and the world's, great universities.

This university was founded, interestingly enough, with the support of my country, to further ties between our two nations. I know how important this place is to your Vice President. He not only received his degree here, but more importantly, he met his gracious wife here. (Laughter.)

I want to thank the students for giving me the chance to meet with you, the chance to talk a little bit about my country and answer some of your questions. The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and I know what an achievement it is to be here. So, congratulations. (Applause.) I don't know if you know this or not, but my wife and I have two daughters who are in college, just like you. One goes to the University of Texas. One goes to Yale. They're twins. And we are proud of our daughters, just like I'm sure your parents are proud of you.

My visit to China comes on an important anniversary, as the Vice President mentioned. Thirty years ago this week, an American President arrived in China on a trip designed to end decades of estrangement and confront centuries of suspicion. President Richard Nixon showed the world that two vastly different governments could meet on the grounds of common interest, in the spirit of mutual respect. As they left the airport that day, Premier Zhou Enlai said this to President Nixon: "Your handshake came over the vastest ocean in the world -- 25 years of no communication."

During the 30 years since, America and China have exchanged many handshakes of friendship and commerce. And as we have had more contact with each other, the citizens of both countries have gradually learned more about each other. And that's important. Once America knew China only by its history as a great and enduring civilization. Today, we see a China that is still defined by noble traditions of family, scholarship, and honor. And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creative societies in the world -- as demonstrated by the knowledge and potential right here in this room. China is on a rising path, and America welcomes the emergence of a strong and peaceful and prosperous China. (Applause.)

As America learns more about China, I am concerned that the Chinese people do not always see a clear picture of my country. This happens for many reasons, and some of them of our own making. Our movies and television shows often do not portray the values of the real America I know. Our successful businesses show a strength of American commerce, but our spirit, community spirit, and contributions to each other are not always visible as monetary success.

Some of the erroneous pictures of America are painted by others. My friend, the Ambassador to China, tells me some Chinese textbooks talk of Americans of "bullying the weak and repressing the poor." Another Chinese textbook, published just last year, teaches that special agents of the FBI are used to "repress the working people." Now, neither of these is true -- and while the words may be leftovers from a previous era, they are misleading and they're harmful.

In fact, Americans feel a special responsibility for the weak and the poor. Our government spends billions of dollars to provide health care and food and housing for those who cannot help themselves -- and even more important, many of our citizens contribute their own money and time to help those in need. American compassion also stretches way beyond our borders. We're the number one provider of humanitarian aid to people in need throughout the world. And as for the men and women of the FBI and law enforcement, they're working people; they, themselves, are working people who devote their lives to fighting crime and corruption.

My country certainly has its share of problems, no question about that. And we have our faults. Like most nations we're on a long journey toward achieving our own ideals of equality and justice. Yet there's a reason our nation shines as a beacon of hope and opportunity, a reason many throughout the world dream of coming to America. It's because we're a free nation, where men and women have the opportunity to achieve their dreams. No matter your background or your circumstance of birth, in America you can get a good education, you can start your own business, you can raise a family, you can worship freely, and help elect the leaders of your community and your country. You can support the policies of our government, or you're free to openly disagree with them. Those who fear freedom sometimes argue it could lead to chaos, but it does not, because freedom means more than every man for himself.

Liberty gives our citizens many rights, yet expects them to exercise important responsibilities. Our liberty is given direction and purpose by moral character, shaped in strong families, strong communities, and strong religious institutions, and overseen by a strong and fair legal system.

My country's greatest symbol to the world is the Statue of Liberty, and it was designed by special care. I don't know if you've ever seen the Statue of Liberty, but if you look closely, she's holding not one object, but two. In one hand is the familiar torch we call the "light of liberty." And in the other hand is a book of law.

We're a nation of laws. Our courts are honest and they are independent. The President -- me -- I can't tell the courts how to rule, and neither can any other member of the executive or legislative branch of government. Under our law, everyone stands equal. No one is above the law, and no one is beneath it.

All political power in America is limited and it is temporary, and only given by the free vote of the people. We have a Constitution, now two centuries old, which limits and balances the power of the three branches of our government, the judicial branch, the legislative branch, and the executive branch, of which I'm a part.

Many of the values that guide our life in America are first shaped in our families, just as they are in your country. American moms and dads love their children and work hard and sacrifice for them, because we believe life can always be better for the next generation. In our families, we find love and learn responsibility and character.

And many Americans voluntarily devote part of their lives to serving other people. An amazing number -- nearly half of all adults in America -- volunteer time every week to make their communities better by mentoring children, or by visiting the sick, or caring for the elderly, or helping with thousands of other needs and causes. This is one of the great strengths of my country. People take responsibility for helping others, without being told, motivated by their good hearts and often by their faith.

America is a nation guided by faith. Someone once called us "a nation with the soul of a church." This may interest you -- 95 percent of Americans say they believe in God, and I'm one of them.

When I met President Jiang Zemin in Shanghai a few months ago, I had the honor of sharing with him how faith changed my life and how faith contributes to the life of my country. Faith points to a moral law beyond man's law, and calls us to duties higher than material gain. Freedom of religion is not something to be feared, it's to be welcomed, because faith gives us a moral core and teaches us to hold ourselves to high standards, to love and to serve others, and to live responsible lives.

If you travel across America -- and I hope you do some day if you haven't been there -- you will find people of many different ethic backgrounds and many different faiths. We're a varied nation. We're home to 2.3 million Americans of Chinese ancestry, who can be found working in the offices of our corporations, or in the Cabinet of the President of the United States, or skating for the America Olympic team. Every immigrant, by taking an oath of allegiance to our country, becomes just as just as American as the President. America shows that a society can be vast and it can be varied, yet still one country, commanding the allegiance and love of its people.

And all these qualities of America were widely on display on a single day, September the 11th, the day when terrorists, murderers, attacked my nation. American policemen and firefighters, by the hundreds, ran into burning towers in desperation to save their fellow citizens. Volunteers came from everywhere to help with rescue efforts. Americans donated blood and gave money to help the families of victims. America had prayer services all over our country, and people raised flags to show their pride and unity. And you need to know, none of this was ordered by the government; it happened spontaneously, by the initiative of free people.

Life in America shows that liberty, paired with law is not to be feared. In a free society, diversity is not disorder. Debate is not strife. And dissent is not revolution. A free society trusts its citizens to seek greatness in themselves and their country.

It was my honor to visit China in 1975 -- some of you weren't even born then. It shows how old I am. (Laughter.) And a lot has changed in your country since then. China has made amazing progress -- in openness and enterprise and economic freedom. And this progress previews China'a great potential.

China has joined the World Trade Organization, and as you live up to its obligations, they inevitably will bring changes to China's legal system. A modern China will have a consistent rule of law to govern commerce and secure the rights of its people. The new China your generation is building will need the profound wisdom of your traditions. The lure of materialism challenges our society -- challenges society in our country, and in many successful countries. Your ancient ethic of personal and family responsibility will serve you well.

Behind China's economic success today are talented, brilliant and energetic people. In the near future, those same men and women will play a full and active role in your government. This university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens. And citizens are not spectators in the affairs of their country. They are participants in its future.

Change is coming. China is already having secret ballot and competitive elections at the local level. Nearly 20 years ago, a great Chinese leader, Deng Xiaoping, said this -- I want you to hear his words. He said that China would eventually expand democratic elections all the way to the national level. I look forward to that day.

Tens of millions of Chinese today are relearning Buddhist, Taoist, and local religious traditions, or practicing Christianity, Islam, and other faiths. Regardless of where or how these believers worship, they're no threat to public order; in fact, they make good citizens. For centuries, this country has had a tradition of religious tolerance. My prayer is that all persecution will end, so that all in China are free to gather and worship as they wish.

All these changes will lead to a stronger, more confident China -- a China that can astonish and enrich the world, a China that your generation will help create. This is one of the most exciting times in the history of your country, a time when even the grandest hopes seem within your reach.

My nation offers you our respect and our friendship. Six years from now, athletes from America and around the world will come to your country for the Olympic games. And I'm confident they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leading nation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.

Thank you for letting me come. (Applause.)

============================================================

Q Mr. President, yesterday I watched the press conference made by you and President Jiang Zemin. At the conference, you didn't clearly answer a question, which is a concern by almost everybody. It's why the TMD system will cover Taiwan. And what's more, whenever you talk about the Taiwan issue, you always use a phrase just like, peaceful settlement. You never use the phrase, peaceful reunification. What's the difference and why?

PRESIDENT BUSH: Thank you, very good question. (Applause.) First of all,

I want to compliment you on your English. Very good.

The first thing that is important on the Taiwan issue is that my government hopes there is a peaceful, as I said, dialogue, that there is a settlement to this issue. But it must be done in a peaceful way. That's why I keep emphasizing peaceful. And, by the way, "peaceful" is a word intended for both parties, that neither party should provoke that -- go ahead, I'm sorry.

THE INTERPRETER: First of all -- sorry.

PRESIDENT BUSH: She's correcting my English. (Laughter.)

THE INTERPRETER: I'm sorry, Mr. President. (Continues in Chinese.)

PRESIDENT BUSH: We've had many discussions with your leaders, and I've reiterated support for the one China policy. It's been my government's policy for a long period of time, and I haven't changed it. (Applause.)

I also, in your question about missile defenses, have made it clear that our nation will develop defenses to help our friends, our allies, and others around the world protect ourselves from rogue nations that have the -- that are trying to develop weapons of mass destruction. To me, that is essential for peace in the world. We have yet to develop a system, and therefore, that's exactly what I said yesterday. And it's the truth. But we're in the process of seeing if we can't develop a system. And I think it will bring more stability to the world than less.

And let me just say one general comment that's very important for you to know. And it's also important for the people of my country to know -- that my administration is committed to peacefully resolving issues around the world. We want the issues resolved in a peaceful manner.

And we've got a lot of issues that we deal with. We're dealing in the Middle East. And if you follow the news, it's a very dangerous period of time there. We're working hard to bring peaceful resolution there. We're working hard to bring a peaceful resolution to Kashmir, which is important for China. And I recently went to Korea and I made it very clear that we want to resolve the issues on the Korean Peninsula in a peaceful way.

Another question, please?

Q I'll repeat my question in English.

THE PRESIDENT: Thank you.

Q It's a pity you still haven't given us -- sorry -- give us a clear question about whether you always use the peaceful settlement. You have never said "peaceful reunification." It's a pity.

PRESIDENT BUSH: We're back on Taiwan again -- (laughter) -- go ahead.

Q This is a question our Chinese people are extremely concerned about.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Yes, I know.

Q Three days ago, during your speech in the Japanese Parliament, you said, the United States will still remember its commitment to Taiwan.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Right.

Q But my question is, does the U.S. still remember its commitment to 1.3 billion Chinese people? (Applause.) Abiding by the three Joint Communiques and three notes. Thank you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Thank you very much. As I said, this seems to be a topic on people's mind, obviously. I can't say it any more clearly, that I am anxious that there be a peaceful resolution that's going to require both parties to come to a solution. And that's what I mean by peaceful dialogue. And I hope it happens in my lifetime and I hope it happens in yours. It will make a -- it will be an important milestone.

And, secondly, when my country makes an agreement, we stick with it. And there is called the Taiwan Relations Act, and I honor that act, which says we will help Taiwan defend herself if provoked. But we've also sent the same message that there should be no provocation by either party for a peaceful dialogue.

Next question. Yes, ma'am. That's not a ma'am; that's a male. Sorry. Actually, I said, yes, ma'am, but --

Q Now, please let me repeat my question in English. Mr. President, I'm a student coming from the School of Economics and Management in Tsinghua University. As we can see, China and the United States have a bright future in scientific and cultural exchanges. Now -- just now, you have made warm remarks about our universities. So my question is, if possible, do you -- will you be happy to encourage your daughters to study in our university? Thank you. (Applause.)

PRESIDENT BUSH: I'm afraid they don't listen to me anymore. (Laughter.) If you know what I mean. Let me -- first of all, I hope they do come here. It is an amazing country. You know, as I said, I was here in 1975. It is hard for me to describe the difference. It is an amazing transformation. I first saw that in Shanghai, earlier this fall -- or last fall.

They would benefit from coming here, as would a lot of other United States students. I think our student exchange program is very important. I think our nation must be welcoming to Chinese students who would like to go study in America. I think that would benefit the students, but, as importantly, it would benefit American students.

It's so important for people to realize in both our countries that we're dealing with human beings that have got desires and loves and frustrations. Even old citizens like me and the Vice President -- (laughter.)

THE INTERPRETER: I'm sorry, sir?

PRESIDENT BUSH: Even old citizens like me and the Vice President -- (laughter) -- can benefit by spending time getting to know each other. Obviously, there are some issues in our relationship that we don't see 100 percent -- don't have a 100 percent agreement on. But it is so much better to discuss these issues after you get to know a person, as a person.

We're human beings, first and foremost. There are just some important characteristics that are real. And, you know, I talked about my families in my speech. Family is just such an important, integral part of any society. And China has got a grand history of honoring family that is an important tradition, an important part of your culture. And I hope my country, as well, has a -- is known for a strong tradition of family. That's a concept that is not owned by a particular country; it is universal. And when students get to know each other, they learn the universality of many values. And that's going to be important for peace in the world.

Another question?

Q Please let me translate my question in English. Mr. President, I'm a student from Center for International Communication Studies. Younger Bush Neil Bush visited our university just before last Christmas, and he mentioned that there are many Americans, especially politicians, have a lot of misunderstandings about China. So just like -- just as our Vice President Hu Jintao and you mentioned, you all want to make efforts to promote the Sino-American relationship to go ahead smoothly. So my question is, being the President of the United States, what will it take -- some action to promote the contacts and exchanges between the two countries, between the peoples at all different levels? Thank you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Well, thank you, that's a very good question.

Q Thank you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Well, first of all, my trip here and my discussion here helps promote -- (applause) -- people in my country are paying attention to my visit here. And it should interest you that I was here in the fall and I'm back here again in the winter -- twice, in a very brief period of time. That should say something about the importance of our relationships.

It's important for our political leaders to come to China. And I know many have, and more ought to come. It's important for the rhetoric, when we describe what we've seen to be accurate and real. And when I go back home, I describe a great nation, a nation that has not only got a great history, but an unbelievably exciting future.

Many people in my country are very interested in China, and many come, as you know. They come to not only see the beautiful countryside, but they come to learn more about the culture and the people. And we've got to continue to encourage travel between both our countries. (gap in feed --)

In 1975, everybody wore the same clothes. Now, people pick their own clothes. Just look here on the front row, everybody's dressed differently. Because you thought, this is what you wanted. You made the decision to wear a beautiful red sweater. And when you made that decision, somebody made it.

And, in other words, the person, the individual, the demand for a product influences the production, as opposed to the other way around. Recognizing the desires of the individual in the marketplace is part of a free society. It is a part of the definition of freedom. And I see that as the most significant change that I can see, besides the new buildings and all the construction.

But the most important thing is the human dimension of freeing people to decide for themselves. And with that freedom comes other freedoms. So you can understand why the transformation from my memory of 1975 to today is significant. I mean, it is an amazing change -- for the better, I might add.

I'll answer one more question, then I've got to go have lunch with your President. (Laughter.) Yes, sir, in the blue.

Q Thank you, Mr. Bush. Thank you, Mr. President, for giving me the last chance to ask you a question. I have read your autobiography, and in it you wrote about some social problem in the U.S. today, just like the violence in campus and juvenile delinquency, and such as the children in poverty. And we know -- a former schoolmate of our university, Tsinghua, and he studied in USA and was killed last year. And I feel so sad. And I know this kind of crime has become more and more serious in today U.S. As the President, do you have any good plan to improve the human rights today in the U.S.? Thank you.

PRESIDENT BUSH: Sure. Well, first of all, I'm proud to report that violent crime actually is going down. But any crime is too much crime. I mean, anytime somebody is violent toward their neighbor, it's too much violence. And there's no question, we've got people living in poverty. But, as I mentioned, our government is very generous in the amounts of money we spend trying to help people help themselves. When we all campaigned for office, one of the big debates is how best to help people help themselves.

Foreign policy is an important part of our campaigns, of course -- at least for President. But the American voter really is more focused on domestic politics, what's happening at home, as you can imagine. If the economy is soft, like ours is now, they want to know what's going to happen -- what are you doing about the economy? If the economy's good, then they don't talk much about the economy.

But always we talk about two key issues to address your problem. One is welfare; how do we structure a welfare system that helps people in need, and in my judgment, should not make them dependent upon their government. And the other big issue is education. It's always not only an important part of campaigns, but it's an important part of being -- once you're in office.

When I was the governor of Texas, I used to always say, an educated child is one less likely to commit a crime. As a governor, and now as President, I have spent a lot of time working with members of both political parties to develop an education plan that starts making sure children learn before they just get shuffled through the system.

One of the saddest facts about my country is that there are a significant number of fourth grade students who cannot read at grade level. Imagine a child who can't read in the fourth grade is a child that's not going to be able to read in the eighth grade. And if a child can't read in the eighth grade, it's likely that child's not going to be able to read sufficiently when they get out of high school, and therefore won't be able to go to college. It's a shame in America that that's the case.

So as part of an education bill I managed to get through Congress last year, we've got a significant reading initiative, where we'll work with the states and the local jurisdictions to focus on an education program that emphasizes reading. This year I hope to work with my wife and others on a early childhood development program, so the youngsters get the building blocks to learn how to read.

I'm actually working my way to your question, I promise you. (Laughter.) Because education is the best anti-crime program. It's important to enforce law. It's important to hold people accountable for their actions. It is important to have consistent policy that says, if you harm somebody, there will be a punishment for that harm. But in the best interests for my country, the long-term solution is to make sure the education system works for everybody. And when that happens, there will be a more hopeful future for people, and there will be less poverty, less hopelessness, and less crime.

Listen, thank you for letting me come. God bless you all. (Applause.)

END 10:27 A.M. (Local)

标 题: 布什演讲全文

北京时间2月22日9时20分，离布什的演讲时间还有40分钟，在清华大学的主楼一层前厅

外已聚集了数百名学生，他们正在等待通过安检，进入前厅的演讲会场。

　　演讲将于10时15分开始。

　　演讲将由清华大学校长王大中来主持。

　　美国总统布什已经抵达清华大学。

　布什的演讲将在清华大学的主楼进行，350名学生参加。演讲后半部分将由清华大学

的学生向布什总统提问。

　　国家副主席胡锦涛和清华大学校长王大中的陪同下进入会场，王大中校长将主持整

个的演讲。布什总统会在国家副主席胡锦涛发表致词以后，发表简短的演讲，教育部副

部长陈至力，中国驻美大使杨洁篪陪同参加。热烈欢迎清华大学校长王大中，中华人民

共和国副主席胡锦涛和美国总统乔治·沃克·布什。

　　王大中 ：尊敬的布什总统、夫人，尊敬的胡锦涛副主席，尊敬的各位来宾，女士们

、先生们，老师们，同学们，今天我们非常高兴布什总统和夫人一行访问清华园。请允

许我代表清华大学全体师生向布什总统和夫人一行光临清华大学进行访问，表示热烈的

欢迎。今天在主席台上就坐的还有我们的校友胡锦涛副主席，让我们对胡锦涛副主席的

光临表示热烈的欢迎！在布什总统讲演以前，我们首先请胡锦涛副主席致辞！

　　胡锦涛 ：尊敬的布什总统和夫人，王大中校长，各位校友，女士们、先生们，朋友

们，今天，我很高兴回到母校，和清华大学的师生们一起欢迎来自大洋彼岸的贵宾——

布什总统和夫人。清华大学是一所历史悠久、享誉中外的高等学府，自强不息、厚德载

物乃清华校训，激励着一代又一代清华学子为中华民族的振兴和人类的进步奋斗不止。

总统先生，您的这次来访，恰逢尼克松访华和中美上海公报发表三十周年。三十年在人

类的历史上，只是短暂的一瞬，但它给中美关系带来的巨大变化将永远载入史册。

　　两国元首的成功会晤，相信对中美建设性合作关系的进一步发展产生深远影响。

　　女士们、先生们，朋友们，中美两国都是伟大的国家，中美两国人民都是伟大的人

民。国际形势的发展一再表明，中美两国维护亚太和世界的和平、稳定，促进地区经济

和全球经济的增长和繁荣，打击恐怖主义和其他跨国犯罪，以及解决环境恶化等全球性

问题上，都赋有重要的责任，也都拥有广泛的共同利益。中美友好符合两国人民的心愿

，顺应历史发展的潮流。 我相信，只要双方相互尊重、平等相待、求同存异，中美关系

就一定能够健康、顺利地向前发展。再次欢迎总统先生和夫人的到来，谢谢各位。

　　王大中 ：谢谢胡锦涛副主席的致辞，现在我们欢迎布什总统发表演讲。

　布什 ：胡副主席，非常感谢您的欢迎致辞，非常感谢您在这里接待我和我的夫人劳

拉。可是我也看到我的助理赖斯女士，她曾经是斯德莫大学的校长，因此她回到校园是

最适合不过的了。非常感谢各位对我的热情的接待，很荣幸能够来到中国，甚至是世界

最伟大的一座学府之一，这所大学恰好是在美国的支持下成立的，成立的目标是为了推

动我们两国间的关系。我也知道清华这所大学对于副主席先生有着十分重要的意义，他

不仅在这里获得了学位，而且是在这里与他优雅的夫人相识的。我想同时，也感谢在座

的各位学生给我这个机会跟大家见面，谈一谈我自己的国家，并且回答大家的一些问题

。

　　清华大学的治学标准和名声闻名于世，我也知道能考入这所大学本身是一个很大的

成就，祝贺你们。

　　我不知道是不是知道这一点，我和我的太太有两个女儿，像你们一样正在上大学，

有一个女儿上的是德州大学，一个女儿上的是耶鲁大学，他们是双胞胎。我们对我们的

两个女儿倍感骄傲，我想你们的父母对你们的成就也是同样的引以为荣的。我这次访华

恰逢一个重要的周年纪念日，副主席刚才也谈到了，三十年前这一周，一个美国的总统

来到了中国，他的访华之旅目的是为了结束长达数十年的隔阂，和长达数百年的相互猜

疑，本着相互利益，本着相互尊重的精神站在一起。那天他们离开机场的时候，周恩来

总理对尼克松总统说了这样一番话，他说，你与我的握手越过了世界上最为辽阔的海洋

，这个海洋就是互不交往的25年。自从那时以来，美国和中国已经握过多次的友谊之手

和商业之手。

　　随着我们两国间接触的日益频繁，我们两国的国民也逐渐地加深了对彼此的了解，

这是非常非常重要的。曾经一度，美国人只知道中国是一个历史悠久的一个伟大的国家

，有伟大的闻名。今天，我们仍然看到中国奉行着重视家庭、学业和荣誉的优良的传统

，同时，我们所看到的中国正日益成为世界上一个最富活力和最富创造力的社会之一，

这一点最佳的验证便是在座诸位所具备的知识和潜力。中国正走在一个发展的道路上，

而美国欢迎一个强大、和平与繁荣的中国的出现。我同美国人在更进一步了解中国的同

时，也担心中国人不一定总是能够很清楚地看到我的国家的真实面貌，这里面有多种原

因，其中有一些是我们自己造成的。我们的电影，还有电视节目，往往并没有全面反映

出美国。我们成功的企业显示了美国商业的力量。但是我们的精神、我们的社区精神，

还有我们相互对彼此的贡献往往并不像我们金钱方面的成功那样的显而易见。

　　更为重要的是，我们许多的公民主动捐出自己的金钱，自己的时间来帮助有需求的

人士。美国的同情心，同时也远远超越了我们自己的国界，在人道主义援助方面，我们

居于世界首位，援助世界各地的人们。至于联邦调查局和执法界的工作人员，他们自己

就是劳动人民的一员，他们献身于打击犯罪，打击腐败。

　　我们有一部宪法，已经有二百年的历史，它限制并且平衡三个部门之间的权利，这

三个部门就是司法、立法和行政机构，我是行政机构的一员，指导我们很多价值观是在

家庭中陶冶形成的，就像在中国一样，美国的妈妈们，爸爸们疼爱他们的孩子，为他们

辛勤的劳动，作出牺牲，因为我们相信，下一代的生活总会更好，在我们的家庭中，我

们可以找到关爱，可以学习如何负起责任，如何陶冶人格。很多美国人都抽出时间为其

他人服务，成年中的一半人每周都拿出时间，使得他们的社区办得更好，他们辅导儿童

，探访病人，照顾老人，并且帮助做许许多多数不胜数的事情。这就是我的国家的一大

优点。我们主动承担起责任，帮助他们，他们的原动力就是善良的心，还有他们的信仰

。

　　如果你去美国旅行的话，你会见到来自不同种族背景，有着不同信仰的人。我们是

一个多元化、多姿多彩的国家，在那里有230万华人，他们在那里繁衍生息。在我们大公

司的办公室里有华人工作，在美国政府中有华人工作，在奥林匹克比赛中代表美国参加

滑冰比赛的也有华人。

　诸位，重视个人和家庭责任的古老道德传统将使 钗 受益匪浅。在中国如今经济成

功的背后，有着有活力的人才。在不久的将来，这些人无论是男是女，将在这个政府中

发挥积极和全面的作用。清华大学它不仅在培养专家，它也是在培育公民。公民在他们

国家的事务中不是袖手旁观者，他们是建设未来的参与者。

　　所有的这些变化，将导致中国更加强大，更加有自信，这个中国将使世界瞩目，也

使世界更加丰富。这个中国就是诸位这一代人所帮助创立的中国，现在在中国的历史上

是一个非常令人振奋的时刻。此时此刻，就连最宏伟的梦想也似乎唾手可得。

　　我的国度，对中国提出尊敬和友谊，再过六年，来自美国和世界的运动员将到贵国

来参加奥林匹克比赛，我坚信，他们能够见到的中国将是正在变成一个大国的中国，一

个走在世界前沿的国家，一个与其人民无争，与世界和平相处的中国。 谢诸位让我到

此来演讲。

　　(清华学生用英文提问)：昨天您和江主席进行了谈话，并且开了联合发布会，您在

这个会上没有清楚地回答一个问题，那就是战区导弹防御系统是否会包含台湾在内？另

外，我还想问，谈到台湾问题的时候，您说和平解决，您对和平统一是怎样的看法？

　布什：非常好的问题，首先，我很赞赏你的英文，非常好！讲到台湾问题，很重要

的一点就是美国的政府在讲到如何和平解决台湾问题的时候，总是说到和平、对话，我

们强调和平这个字，我们指的是双方都要以和平的方式来解决，任何一方都不可以进行

任何挑衅的行为。

　　我跟中国的领导人有过多次的谈话，每一次我们都强调我是支持中国的政策，而且

这是长期一贯的政策，到目前为止没有改变。

　　至于有关导弹防御系统，我已经说得非常清楚，这是一个防御性的系统，是要帮助

我们的盟友和其他一些国家来保护他们免受无赖国家的攻击，这些国家是希望发展大规

模杀伤性武器的，我想制定这一点，对和平是非常有重要的，我昨天也非常清楚地说明

这是事实。我们目前正在发展导弹防御系统的过程中，目前还不知道可行不可行，但是

我觉得对全世界的和平会带来贡献。

　　还有一点，我觉得对中国人来说，对美国人来说这一点必须要知道，美国政府希望

能够以和平的方式解决发生在全世界的许多问题，那因为美国现在处理的问题非常多，

好象中东的问题，你们从新闻上看到以后知道了，这是一个非常危险的时代，我们正在

努力地致力于和平，我们希望克什米尔的问题也能够和平解决，这对中国也非常重要的

。我来中国以前，我到了韩国，我也明确表示，我希望以和平的方式解决朝鲜半岛的问

题。

　　清华大学传播系学生：很遗憾，您刚才还是没有明确的回答，您总是说和平解决，

而没有说和平统一。三天前您在日本访问时，在议会发表演讲说，美国将牢记对台湾的

承诺，我想问总统先生这样一个问题，美国是否还牢记他对十三亿中国人民的承诺呢？

那就是遵守《中美三个联合公报》和“三不”政策。

　布什：感谢您，我想台湾问题是全世界都关心的问题。我想，就台湾的问题，我已

经再明确不过了，就是我急切地看到，希望台湾的问题能够得到和解，这就是我为什么

说到需要和平对话的原因，我也希望这件事情能够在我有生之年，或者你有生之年能够

成就，这将是一个重要的里程碑。

　　清华大学经管学院学生：总统先生，欢迎您这次来访，感谢您刚才精彩的演讲。我

们可以预见到，中美两国的学术文化交流活动前景是非常广阔的，那么，刚才在您精采

的演讲当中，我也看得出来，您对我们清华大学给予了很高的评价。那么现在我的问题

就是，如果将来您的两个宝贝女儿有机会继续深造的话，您愿意让您的女儿来我们清华

大学吗？

　布什：但是她们已经不再听话了。我想，你知道我的意思吧，首先我希望她们能够

来清华，因为这是一个非常奇妙的国家。我第一次来中国的时候，是1975年，跟现在相

比，我实在很难用言语来形容中国发生的翻天覆地的变化。我当了总统以后第一次来中

国是到的上海。她们跟美国的很多学生一样，都希望到中国来看一看。所以我觉得我们

两国之间，进行学术，或是学生交流是非常必要的。而且，我也觉得美国应该欢迎中国

的学生到美国去学习。因为我觉得这样子对中国的留学生来说是有好处的，对美国的学

生本身也是非常有好处的。我想，很重要的一点就是我们必须了解，我们两国的人民必

须了解我们都是人，我们都是有七情六欲的，都是有我们的烦恼的，都是有我们的快乐

的。连年纪比较大的公民，像我们的副总统也是一样的。因为我们如果一起交流，我们

一起有时间在一起的话，我们能够双方更加了解，这是对我们有利的。因为，在我们双

边的关系中，我们的的确确有一些问题是不能够百分之百地达成一致的意见。但是，当

你能够跟一个人相互更多的理解，更多的了解的话，您可能就这些分歧进行更好地讨论

，毕竟我们是人，是有血有肉的人。

　　我觉得非常重要的有一点，我们认识我们毕竟是血肉之躯，我们毕竟是人，所以有

一些事情，比如我提到了家人，我认为家庭在社会中是不可分割，也是一个非常重要的

组成部分。中国在历史上，文化上，有敬老爱幼，尊重家人的传统，我希望美国也有这

样的传统，这个概念不只是给某一个国家的，这是全球性的概念。当两国的学生聚在一

起，一起学习的时候，我们能够更加理解对方的价值观，我想这样就能更加贡献于世界

的和平。

　　清华大学传播系学生：去年圣诞节前，您的弟弟曾经访问过我们清华大学，他来的

时候讲，在美国有很多人，特别是政界对中国有很多的误解，刚才副主席和您提到，两

国都想促进两国之间的关系健康发展和人员之间的交流，我的问题是作为美国总统，您

打算采取哪些具体的措施促进我们人员之间在各个层面的交流？

　布什：首先，我想来到中国访问，来到清华大学就是回答你的问题。因为美国人现

在非常注意我访华的整个行程。那我想大家应该有兴趣知道，我上回先到上海，在很短

的时间内，在冬天来到了北京，在很短的时间内两次访华，这一点可以向您说明，我如

何看重我们双边的关系。很重要的就是让美国政界的领导人能够访问中国，很多已经来

过了，还有许多人还要来。能够来看一看，我们回去向他们形容中国的时候，会比较准

确，我回到美国以后，我会告诉他们中国是一个伟大的国家，有非常悠久、优秀的历史

，但是不止如此，还有非常美好的未来。

　　很多美国人对中国非常感兴趣，不只是来看非常漂亮的中国，而且对中国人，对中

国文化有更进一步的了解，我想我们两个国家都必须继续鼓励双边的人民相互访问。

　　我想可以在很大程度上改变全世界对中国印象的一个机会就是当你们举办奥林匹克

运动会的时候，这将是一个太好的机会了。所以，到时候全世界的人都要来到中国，不

只是看运动会，还可以看到中国现代化的发展，不只来的人可以看到，全世界的人通过

电视转播都可以看到，所以，奥委会让北京得到2008年奥运会的主办权是有道理的。

　　提问：您1975年来过中国，到现在20多年过去了，您刚才也提到中国发生了很多变

化，您有没有发现除了经济以外的中国社会的一些进步？

　布什?我想，我来中国发现最凸现的一个现象，当然?稍微跟经济有关的，但是总

的来说就是整个人民的态度的改变。因为在1975年的时候，我来的时候，每个人的服装

都是一样的。现在你们高兴穿什么就穿什么。你看你们第一排的，全都是不一样的服装

，因为你觉得这是我喜欢的，我要这么穿。当你要套上漂亮的羊毛上衣的时候，你说这

是我做的决定。当你主动地作出这样的决定的时候，别的人看了，他们也要作出自己的

决定。因此，一个产品的需求就影响了整个的生产，而不是由生产来影响产品的需求。

如果你能够认识到在市场上的每一个人的这种需要，这就是自由社会的一个现象之一。

这就是我们解释自由的其中一个意义。

　　所以，我来到这里，我看见的不只是高楼大厦，我觉得最明显的就是每个人现在可

以自由地作出他自己的选择了。有了做个人选择的自由，你就可以有其他的自由，你可

以自由地做其他的事情。所以，您就知道为什么75年跟现在相比，我这么惊叹中国这么

大的变化，但是我觉得还要加上一句，就是这个变化是朝更好的方向发展的。我只能再

回答一个问题，然后我跟你们的主席吃饭去了。

　　提问：谢谢您给我提最后这个问题的机会。我以前有幸读过您的一本自传，您提到

美国社会的存在的一些社会问题，校园犯罪，青年暴力，贫困儿童问题。据我所知，我

们清华一位校友去年在美国就学期间被枪杀了，这种问题现在还在越演越烈。作为美国

的总统，您对解决目前美国的人权状况有何打算呢？

　布什：首先要告诉你们的是，现在暴力犯罪率在美国已经开始下降了，但是只要有

一起犯罪案就算太多了。只要一个人对他的邻居会施行暴力，那就是不能接受的。在美

国的确有很多人还处在贫困当中，美国政府花了很大笔金钱来帮助处于贫困中的人，希

望他们以后能够自力更生。当我们竞选的时候，我们最大的一个讨论，或是一个辩论的

题目就是如何帮助别人自力更生。当然，对美国总统来说，在选举的时候，外交问题也

是一个重要的课题。但是，美国的选民他们更注意的是国内政治局势，他们比较关注国

内的问题。所以，当经济出现疲软的时候，就像美国目前的情形，他们就想要知道现在

应该怎么样拯救经济。如果经济情况好的话，他们根本不谈经济。我们常常在竞选的时

候谈到两个主要的关键问题，第一个就是我们的社会保障制度的结构问题，就是如何来

帮助美国的这些需要社会福利的人，帮助他们有一个条件，就是不能让他们过度的，或

是长期地依赖政府。另外一个常常讨论的问题就是教育。这个问题在竞选的时候可能不

是那么重要，但是你当选了以后就非常重要了。当我还是当德克萨斯州州长的时候，我

常常说一句话，如果你能够给一个儿童非常好的教育，你就能够避免他以后出去犯罪。

　　当了总统以后，我跟两党的议员们都希望制定一个计划，就是帮助学龄前的儿童能

够有一个非常好的开始，还没有到学校，就可以开始学习了。现在美国一个比较令人悲

伤的一个事实，就是现在在美国有一些四年级的小学生，没有办法达到他们那个年级的

阅读能力。

　　如果你想想四年级还不能阅读的话，那他到了初二的时候就更不能阅读了，他毕业

了以后，根本无法继续上大学。所以如果这种情形继续下去的话，对美国来说是一条死

路。所以，在去年的时候，我就向国会呈上了一个议案，我们在国会中经过了很多的讨

论，今年，我也希望州一级和地方一级的立法机关，就这个问题，继续推动这些倡议。

我想我们的重点是放在教导他们阅读方面。今年我的夫人和我也要继续推动一个计划，

就是学龄前的儿童能够得到教育。我慢慢地会回答你的问题。教育就是反犯罪的一个最

好的途径，执法是很重要的。让人们因自己的行为而受到惩罚，或者负担起责任，这是

重要的。但是我们坚持我们的政策的一致，也是非常重要的，也就是说，你如果犯罪了

，就必须受刑罚。

　　所以，最符合美国的利益的，最能够长期解决这个问题的，就是让每个人都有受教

育的机会，我想这对我们的未来是非常好的。谢谢大家。

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