高级口译词汇

1.) 经济类
APEC, ASEAN, EU, EC (EEC), G8
EURO, RMB, YEN, POUND, DOLLAR
UN, WHO, IMF, PLO, FBI, VOA, CIA , NSA, CCCP, DMZ, PLA, QFII, PBOC,CEPA
NATO, NASA, UNESCO, OPEC, NAFTA, SAFE

associate company (subsidiary / affiliate) 联营公司 （子公司、附属公司）
aggregate demand 总需求
aggregate supply总供给
acquisition of assets 购置资产
absolute advantage 绝对优势 （一国或一国的一部分由于拥有原材料、动力、劳动力等自然资源，因而能较廉价地生产某一产品， 因此拥有胜过其他国家或地区的优势。）
authorization bill授权书

Boao Forum for Asia 博鳌亚洲论坛
bottom line 帐本底线, 底线
banking 银行业
black market 黑市
budget 预算
budget deficit预算赤字
budget surplus预算盈余
bureaucracy 官僚作风, 官僚机构
business cycle 商业周期
business mechanism 创业机制
business prototype商业原型、商业模型
brand loyalty对某个牌子的忠诚度

business fraud (accounting fraud) 商业欺诈 (做假帐)

bull/bear market 牛市/ 熊市
cutting edge (have an edge on) 优势
cash bonuses 现金奖励
commercial 商业广告
convertible currency可兑换的货币
corporate / entrepreneurial culture 企业文化

checks and balances政府机关彼此之间、公司内部各部门的相互制约和平衡

civil rights/civil liberties公民权利、自由
commerce clause商业条款
common law习惯法
comparative advantage 相对优势
dealer/ jobber/ broker 经销商/经纪人
depreciation / appreciation 贬值/增值

designer clothing/jeans / sneakers 名牌服装/牛仔裤/运动鞋

strong demand需求强劲
weak demand需求疲软
insufficient demand需求不足
effective demand 有效需求
demand curve需求曲线
discount rate 贴现率
discount market贴现市场

double / triple / quadruple…两倍/三倍/四倍（翻两翻）

economical节约的, 经济的
elasticity 弹性、可塑性、灵活度
elite 精英
equities [pl. ](无固定利息的)股票, 证券
electronic dealing 电子交易
employment insurance (EI) 失业保险
interest rate(s)利率
fiscal year 财政年度

fund / capital / venture capital 资金, 资本/ 风险资金
federal reserve system (美国)联邦备银行制度
fiscal policy财政政策, 财务方针
future market 期货市场
go public 上市
hedge (against) 保护或防御手段, 尤指防止经济损失
a hedge against inflation. 防止通货膨胀的措施

hands-off management 疏松管理
high return 高收益，高回报
human capital人力资本，技能资本
hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀
investment fever 投资热
investment destination投资地点
immediate yield直接回报
ideology意识形态
incentive 动力
interest group 利益集团
legitimacy合理性、合法性
limited liability corporation 有限公司
listed companies 上市公司
liquidity 变现能力
market intelligence 市场情报、市场调查
market share市场占有率
mass production批量生产
merit 价值
microeconomics微观经济学
mortgage 按揭
national debt 国债
oligarchy寡头政治, 寡头政治的执政团
opportunity cost 机会成本

optimize (maximize / minimize) 优化 / 最大化/ 最小化

paragon 模范
political economy 政治经济
productivity 生产力
propaganda （贬义）宣传
public sector 公共部门
private sector 私营部门
potential market 潜在市场
plunge / dip / down （价格）猛跌/ 小跌/ 下跌
referendum 公投
savings 储蓄
scarcity 缺乏
separation of powers 权利分离
subsidy 津贴
soar / surge / climb （价格）上涨
strategic planning 战略部署, 战略计划
stock / bond / securities 股票/ 债券/ 证券
stock option (share option) 股票期权
stock index 股指
streamline 精减
sales volume 销售额

strong （dollar /currency / yen / RMB …） （货币）坚挺

tax relief 税收减除
tax holiday 免税期
tax policy 税收政策
title 所有权
trade deficit (surplus) 贸易逆差 / 顺差
trade volume 贸易额
regime 政权、机制
trade bloc贸易集团 （如：欧盟）
trade sanction贸易制裁
turnover 销售额
Shanghai Stock Exchange 上海证券交易所
upstart (new rich) 暴发户
utility 设施
welfare state 福利国家

rally 反弹, 股市价格和成交额在下跌后显著的上升

2) 政治类
“Agriculture, Countryside and Farmer” issues 三农问题
"bringing in" and "going out" “引进来”和“走出去”政策
Four Cardinal Principles 四项基本原则
Four modernizations 四个现代化（农、工、国防、科技）
three direct links (mail, air and shipping services and trade) （两岸）直接三通
the eight-point proposal 八项主张
the five principles of peaceful coexistence 和平共处五项原则
the fourth plenary session 四中全会
the third plenary session of the eleventh central committee 十一届三中全会
the three major historical tasks 三大历史任务
three favorables 三个有利于
16th party congress 十六大
advance the development of the western region 推进西部大开发
at the proper time and to an appropriate degree 适时适度
attempts to split the country 各种分裂图谋
blazing new trails in a pioneering spirit 开拓创新
build a clean and honest government廉政建设
build a conservation-minded society 建设(资源)节约型社会
china's international standing 我国的国际地位
citizens' participation in political affairs公民政治参与
civic duty 公民职责
creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity创造力、凝聚力和战斗
crucial historical juncture重大历史关头
Democratic Progressive Party 民进党
democratic supervision 民主监督
deputy to the National People's Congress全国人大代表
extravagance and waste 铺张浪费
falsification 弄虚作假
federations of industry工商联
government functions政府职能
(have) a good government and a united people 政通人和
honesty and high efficiency 廉洁高效
ideological and moral education思想道德建设
mass organizations 人民团体
material and cultural needs of the people人民的物质文化需要
material and spiritual civilization 物质文明和精神文明
media and publicity work 宣传舆论工作
moral kingpin 精神支撑
morality, intelligence, physique and art 德智体美
NPC member 人大代表
grain distribution system 粮食流通体制
reduce agricultural tax rate 降低农业税税率
reform of rural taxes and administrative charges农村税费改革
to alleviate rural poverty through development 农村扶贫开发
realm of ideology 意识形态领域
rule (run) the country by law 依法治国
the provincial and municipal (prefectural) governments 省、市（地）两级地方政府
the smooth transition of power 平稳过渡
two conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）
vigilance against risks 抗风险能力
vitality, creativity and cohesion of a nation 民族的生命力、创造力和凝聚力

3. ) TOURISM

景点 tourist spot; tourist attraction
名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers
名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites
避暑胜地 summer resort
度假胜地 holiday resort
避暑山庄 mountain resort
蜜月度假胜地 honeymoon resort
国家公园 national park
佛教胜地 Buddhist sacred land
甲骨文 inscription on bones and tortoiseshells
古玩店 antique/curio shop
手工艺品 artifact; handicrafts
天坛 the Temple of Heaven
敦煌莫高窟 Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang
玉佛寺the Jade Buddha Temple
布达拉宫 Potala Palace
陵墓 emperor’s mausoleum/tomb
古墓 ancient tomb
石窟 grotto
祭坛 altar
台 terrace
假山rockeries
廊 corridor
石舫 stone boat
保存完好 well-preserved
工艺精湛 exquisite workmanship
景色如画 picturesque views
诱人景色 inviting views
文化遗产cultural heritage/ legacy
岩溶地形karst topography


上有天堂，下有苏杭 In heaven there is the paradise, and on earth there are Suzhou and Hangzhou. /
五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳 Trips to China’s five great mountains render trips to other mountains unnecessary, and a trip to Huangshan renders trips to the five great mountains unneeessary.
桂林山水甲天下 The scenery of Guilin has been called the finest under heaven.
五岳 five great mountains china’s five sacred/ divine mountains
天下第一奇山 the most fantastic mountain under heaven
黄山四绝 the four unique scenic features: picturesque rocks, legendary pines, the sea of clouds and hot springs

4.) 社会 ( 现象/ 问题)

abortion 人工流产, 堕胎
altruism 利他主义, 利他
anti-porn drive / campaign 扫黄运动
asylum庇护(一国政府对他国政治难民提供的保护和豁免)
bigamy 重婚
civic morality 社会公德
civility and harmony 文明祥和
court of ethics 道德法庭
arson 纵火, 纵火罪
complaint center 投诉中心
drug rehabilitation center 戒毒所
drug trafficker 毒枭
embezzlement 盗用公款
juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪
narcotics squad 缉毒队
organized crime 集团犯罪
sexual harassment 性骚扰
smuggling 走私
demography / larithmics 人口统计学
Feminism 男女平等主义；女权运动
Feminist movement 女权运动
femininity 妇女特质, 柔弱性, 温柔
male chauvinism 男权主义思想
sexual harassment性骚扰
drug abuse吸毒
egalitarian 主张人人平等的 n. 平等主义
emotion quotient (EQ) 情商
hardened professional (criminal) 惯犯
home for the aged / seniors' home 敬老院
household management service 家政服务
illiteracy文盲
income disparity 收入分化；贫富分化
infant mortality 婴儿死亡率
infiltrative, subversive and splittist activities 渗透、颠覆和分裂活动
IPR (intellectual property right) 知识产权
copyright law版权法
copyright reserved; copyrighted 版权所有
royalty 版税
author's royalty 著者版税, 作者稿酬
anti-fake label 防伪标志
law of the jungle弱肉强食法则

attorney <美>律师
prosecutor公诉人
case of public prosecution公诉案件
win a lawsuit 胜诉
appeal to a higher court上诉
drop a lawsuit 撤消控告
court of appeals 上诉法庭
bar association 律师协会
defendant 被告
plaintiff 起诉人, 原告
bail 保释
life sentence判处无期徒刑
notary / notarization 公证人/ 公证
local police station 派出所
neighborhood committee / residents' committee居委会
pluralism 多元文化论
polarization of wealth贫富两极化；贫富分化
popularity rate普及率
poverty alleviation 扶贫
professional title 职称
racism 种族主义
acculturation 文化适应
assimilation 同化, 同化作用
ethnic cleansing 种族清理 (种族灭绝)
ethnocentrism 民族优越感
revoke license吊销执照
sabotage 阴谋破坏, 怠工, 破坏 vi. / vt。 破坏
smuggled goods 水货
sports lotteries 体育彩票
surplus rural labor (laborers) 农村剩余劳动力
temporary residence permit (card) 暂住证
transient population 流动人口
upgrade the ideological and ethical standards提高思想道德素质

5) 健康

a period of debility 体能低落、衰弱期
acne 痤疮，粉剌
active sleep积极睡眠
adrenalin肾上腺素
adverse effect反作用
aerobics 有氧运动
allergy 过敏
Alzheimer’s disease 老年痴呆症
anthrax 炭疽
antibiotics 抗生素
antibody 抗体
arthritis关节炎
artificial hormones人造激素
asthma 哮喘
avian influenza (bird flu) 禽流感
blemish瑕疵，疤痕
blister水泡
blood circulation 血液循环
bruise瘀伤, 擦伤, 青紫
BSE疯牛病
carbohydrate碳水化合物
cardiac心脏(病)的
cardiologist心脏病专家
cholesterol 胆固醇
chronic慢性的
cleanse清洗, 净化
coma昏迷
coronary disease冠心病

dandruff 头皮屑
debilitate 使衰弱, 使虚弱
dehydration 脱水
dementia 痴呆
eating disorder食欲紊乱
elasticity 弹力，弹性
embryo胚胎
euthanasia / mercy killing 安乐死
extrovert 性格外向的(人)
fatal 致命的
fertilization 授精
fetus 胎儿
foot -and- mouth disease 口蹄疫
genetic information 遗传信息
gestation怀孕
heart failure 心力衰竭
hepatitis肝炎
herbal essence 草药精，草本精华
high cholesterol胆固醇过高
hoarseness 嘶哑, 刺耳

immunity 免疫性
in a vegetative state 处于植物人状态
infertility 不孕, 不育
insomnia 失眠, 失眠症
introspective 内省，内向的，
introvert 性格内向的(人)
irritable急躁的

maternity leave 产假
matrix 子宫
menopause更年期
mental deterioration 神经退化、衰弱
mental disorder 精神紊乱
metabolism 新陈代谢
migraine 偏头痛
mortality rate 死亡率
odds 可能的机会；几率
odor 气味
OTC drugs 非处方药
paralysis瘫痪
personal hygiene个人卫生
plague 瘟疫
rabies狂犬病
remedy药物，治疗，矫正
respirator 口罩；人工呼吸器
smallpox 天花
snore 打鼾, 鼾声
sore throat 喉咙痛
spasm 痉挛
sterile 不育的，无结果的，消毒过的，无菌的
stiff neck落枕
stolid神经麻木的, 感觉迟钝的
trauma 外伤，（心理）创伤
vivacious 性格活泼的，快活的
voluntary and confidential testing 自愿的，保密的测试
womb 子宫
wrinkle 皱纹


6) TCM 中医
中医名著 famous TCM work
《黄帝内经》 Huang Di’s Classic of Internal Medicine / Yellow Emperor's Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine
《神农本草经》 Shennong’s Herbal Classic
《本草纲目》 Compendium of Materia Medica
《易经》 I Ching; Book of Change
万物人为贵 nothing compares to a human life
救死扶伤 healing the sick and saving the dying
阴阳 yin-yang, the two opposing and complementary principles in nature

相生相克 mutual generation and restriction
对立制约 mutually opposing and constraining
互根互用interdependent and mutually promoting
相互转化mutually transformational
新陈代谢 metabolism
针灸 acupuncture
针刺疗法acupuncture
艾炙疗法 moxibustion
推拿 medical massage
穴位acupuncture point
针刺麻醉 acupuncture anesthesia
综合医院 general hospital
中医部 TCM section/ department
拔火罐疗法 (Chinese) cupping therapy
理疗 physical therapy
切脉 feeling the pulse
偏方folk prescription
秘方 secret prescription

祖传秘方 secret prescription handed down from one's ancestors
阴阳五行学说 the theory of yin-yang and five elements (metal, wood, water, fire and earth)
经络 main and collateral channels inside human body; meridian
食补保健maintain good health through the intake of nourishing food
太极拳 Tai chi quan; Tai chi Chuan; Taijiquan boxing

延缓衰老 to defer senility
药典pharmacopoeia
有机整体 an organic whole
瑜珈 yoga

中国古代药王神农氏 Shennong, herbal medicine master of ancient China
中华医学会 Chinese Medical Association
安全第一，预防为主 safety first, precaution crucial.

7) 科技

全民科学文化素质 scientific and cultural qualities of the entire people
发展科技scientific and technological advancement
科教兴国 revitalize China through science and education
农业技术agricultural technology
生态农业environmental-friendly agriculture
无土栽培soil -less cultivation
操作系统 operating system
产品科技含量 technological element of a product
电话会议 teleconference
孵化器 incubator
高产优质 high yield and high quality
高技术产业化 apply high technology to production
高科技板块 high-tech sector
工业园区 industrial park
国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision
国家重点实验室 national key laboratories
计算机中央处理器 central processing unit(CPU)
交叉学科interdisciplinary branch of science
科技成果转化为生产力 transfer of scientific and technological achievements into productive forces
科技含量 technology content
科技是第一生产力 Science and technology constitute a primary productive force
科技体制改革reform of the science and technology management system
科技与经济脱节 science and technology are out of line from the economy
纳米nanometer
物种起源 origin of species
新兴学科 new branch of science
在孵企业incubated enterprises
信息化 informationization
信息检索information retrieval
办公自动化OA (Office Automation)
笔记本电脑 laptop / notebook / portable computer
高速宽带互联网 high-speed broadband networks
计算机辅助教育CAI –computer assisted instruction
计算机辅助设计 CAD-computer assisted design
计算机合成制造 CAM-computer assisted manufacturing
计算机中央处理器 CPU – central processing unit
超文本传送协议 hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP)
界面 interface
金融电子化 computerized financial services
局域网 LAN – local area network
互联网服务提供商 ISP (Internet Service Provider)
全球移动通信系统 global system for mobile communications (GSM)
刻录机 CD burner
人工智能 AI – artificial intelligence
人机交互 human - computer interaction
虚拟网 virtual net
因特网服务提供商ISP- internet service provider
应用软件internet applications
域名 domain
只读存储器 read-only-memory (ROM)
智能感知技术 perceptive technology
智能终端 intelligent terminal
中文信息处理系统 Chinese information processing system
高保真 Hi-Fi ( High Fidelity)
高清晰度电视 high definition TV (HDTV)
三维动画 three-dimensional animation
液晶显示屏LCD – liquid crystal display
逐行扫描 progressive scan (high-frequency mode)
视频点播 VOD-video on demand
网络管理员 network administrator
网络摄像机 web cam
网上交易平台online trading platform
生物芯片biochip
基因突变genetic mutation
试管受精 in-vitro fertilization (IVF)
风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite
神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V
同步卫星 geostationary satellite
首航 maiden voyage (of an aircraft or ship)
卫星导航 satellite navigation


8) 环保

afforestation绿化造林
artificial rain人工降雨
biosphere生物圈
Carbon monoxide (CO) 一氧化碳
disaster -affected area n. 受灾地区
emission排气 （如汽车废气等）；排放物
environment-friendly products环保产品
fossil fuel 矿物燃料
grain for green 退耕还林(还草)
ground depression 地面沉降；地面塌陷
heat island effect 热岛效应
monsoon季候风；（印度等地的）雨季, 季风
debris flow 泥石流
hail冰雹
storm surge风暴潮
tropical storm 热带风暴
natural reserve / natural preservation zone 自然保护区
natural resource protection areas 自然资源保护区
Planet Jupiter木星
Planet mars 火星
Planet Mercury水星
Planet Neptune 海王星
Planet Pluto冥王星
Planet Saturn土星
Planet Uranus天王星
Planet Venus金星
renewable resources可再生资源
smog工业烟雾, 烟雾污染
temperate温和的
UV (ultraviolet) 紫外线
urbanite都市人
water loss and soil erosion 水土流失


9) 教育
函授学院 correspondence school
附中 middle / high school affiliated to …
政治思想教育 political and ideological education
自学成才 to become educated through independent study
博士生Ph.D candidate
博士后post–doctoral
毕业生分配graduate placement
成人高考/自学考试the national higher education exams for self-taught adults
成人教育adult education
充电 update one's knowledge
初等教育 elementary education
大学城 college town
大专文凭 associate degree
成绩单 transcript
毕业论文 (大学)paper; （研）thesis; （博）dissertation
实习 internship; field work
文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts
理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering
师范学院 teachers' college / normal college
工科大学 polytechnic university
农学院 college of agriculture
医学院 medical school
中医院 institute of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
音乐学院music school
美术学院 academy of fine arts
高分低能 high scores and low abilities
高校扩招 the college expansion plan
客座教授 visiting professor; guest professor
讲师 lecturer
助教 assistant
辅导员 assistant for political and ideological work
教研室/组 teaching and research section/group
教育界 education circle
教育投入 input in education
考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools
课外活动 extracurricular activities
必修课 required / compulsory course
选修课 elective / optional course
基础课 basic course
专业课 specialized course
课程表 school schedule
教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus
学习年限 period of schooling
学历 record of formal schooling
学年 school/academic year
学期 (school)term; semester
启发式教学 heuristic education
体育学院 institute of physical culture
适龄儿童入学率 enrolment rate for children of school age
授予某人学位 to confer a degree on / to sb. /for sth (e.g. thesis)
升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade
（国家）助学金 (state)stipend/subsidy/ financial aid
硕博联读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study
填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching
师生员工 aculty, students and staff
教学人员 the faculty; teaching staff
教务长, (系)主任 dean
校训 school motto
走读生 extern; non-resident student
住宿生 boarder
旁听生 auditor
应届毕业生 graduating student; current year’s graduate
学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese
学龄儿童 school-ager
学生减负 alleviate the burden on students
学时 credit hours
学位证书 degree certificate
优化教师队伍 optimize the teaching staff
职业高中（职高） vocational high school
职业教育 vocational education
动员 mobilize
多学科的 multi-disciplinary
被授权 be authorized to do
博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies
国家发明奖 National Invention Prize
国家自然科学奖 National Prize for Natural Sciences
国家科技进步奖 National Prize for Progress in Science and Technology
国家教委State Education Commission
国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau
国家教育经费 national expenditure on education
财政拨款 financial allocation
职业培训 job training
职业文盲 functional illiterate
中等教育 secondary education
主观能动性 subjective initiative
自费留学 go to study abroad at one's own expense
自费研究生 self-supporting/ self-sponsored graduate student

10) 文化
四大发明 the four great inventions of ancient China
火药gunpowder
指南针the compass
《大学 》The Great Learning
《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean
工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting
孙子兵法The Art of War
单音节 single syllable
汉语有 “合理的逻辑性” Chinese language is “soberly logical” (Edward Sapir, American linguist)
汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters
武术门派 styles or schools of martial art
习武健身practice martial art for fitness
《山海经》 the Classic of Mountains and Rivers
《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror；Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers
《西厢记》 the Romance of West Chamber
《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin
《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio; Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio
《围城》Fortress Besieged
《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q

春秋 the Spring and Autumn Annals
史记 Historical Records
诗经 The Books of Songs；the Book of Odes
三字经three-word chant
优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts
旗袍Cheongsam
中山装Chinese tunic suit
唐装traditional Chinese garments (clothing)
景泰蓝cloisonné
朝廷使者 royal court envoy
文人 men of letters
雅士 refined scholars
戏剧艺术theatrical art
秦腔shaanxi opera
篆刻sealcutting
卷轴scroll
蜡染batik
泥人 clay figure
漆画lacquer painting
民间传说 folklores
寓言fable
传说 legend
神话mythology
对对联matching an antithetical couplet
阳历Solar calendar
公历Gregorian calendar
阴历Lunar calendar
天干heavenly stem
地支earthly branch
才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies
中外学者 Chinese and overseas scholars