GRE真题七

The Chinese, who began systematic astronomical and weather　observations shortly after the ancient Egyptians, were　assiduous record-keepers, and because of this, can claim　humanity s longest continuous -------- of natural events.

defiance
documentation
maintenance
theory
domination
答案：(B)

astronomical: a.1.天文(学)的,天体的 2.巨大的
assiduous: a.刻苦勤奋的 2.经常的,坚持不懈的
claim: v.1.对(名声,财产)提出要求,认领,索取 2.声称有,拥有
defiance: n.违抗,蔑(藐)视,挑战
documentation: n.1.文件证据的记述编制 2.文献资料 3.详尽引证
maintenance: n.1.维持,保持 2.维修,养护,保养 3.坚持,主张 4.生计,生活资料　5.扶养
domination: n.1.支配,统治,主宰,优势 2.宗主权,宗主地位
中国人继古埃及人之后旋即展开了有系统的天文与气候观察,可谓是勤勉不辍的文献记录者.基于这一原因,中国人可声称拥有人类历史上对自然事件最漫长悠久,持之以恒的文献记载.

Because many of the minerals found on the ocean floor are　still ------- on land, where mining is relatively inexpensive,　mining the ocean floor has yet to become a ------- enterprise.

scarce. . common
accessible.. marginal
unidentified.. subsidized
conserved . . public
plentiful.. profitable
答案：(E)

mine: v.1.开采,从...提取天然成分 2.在地下挖坑道,暗中破坏
have yet to: v.尚有待于
enterprise: n.艰巨复杂(或带冒险性)的计划,雄心勃勃的事业
accessible: a.1.易于接近的,可进入的 2.可使用的,易获得的　3.(人)易相处的 4.易懂的
marginal: a.1.边比的,边沿地区的 2.边际的,勉强够格的,最低限度的　3.微量的,不重要的
subsidize: v.1.补贴,资助 2.用贿赂换得...的资助
conserve: v.1.保护,保存 2.使永恒不灭
由于海底发现的许多矿物在陆地上仍然大量存在,且陆地上开采又相对廉价,因此,对海底开采还有待于变成一种有利可图的事业.

The valedictory address, as it has developed in American　colleges and universities over the years, has become a very　strict form, a literary ------- that permits very little-------.
text.. clarity
work.. tradition
genre.. deviation
oration.. grandiloquence
achievement.. rigidity

答案：(C)

valedictory address: n.告别演说,知别辞
literary: a.1.文学的 2.精通文学的,文人学士的 3.书面的
clarity: n.1.清澈,明净 2.清晰,明晰
genre: n.1.类型,体裁,样式 2.风俗画
deviation: n.背离,偏离,偏差
oration: n.演说,演讲
grandiloquence: n.大言不惭,夸张,做作
rigidity: n.1.坚硬刚性 2.严格,刻析,僵死
告别演说,正如它在过去的几年中在美国的诸大学和学院发展起来的那样,已变成一种极为严格的形式,一种绝少允许偏差的文学性体裁

A human being is quite ------- creature, for the gloss of　rationality that covers his or her fears and ------- is thin　and often easily breached.

a logical.. problems
a frail.. insecurity
a valiant.. phobias
an ambitious.. morality
a ludicrous.. laughter

答案：(B)
gloss: n.1.光泽,光亮平滑的表面 2.虚假的外表,假象
rationality: n.理性,合理性
breach: v.1.破坏,违反 2.撕裂
logical: a.1.逻辑(上)的,逻辑学的 2.符合逻辑的,有逻辑头脑的 3.按照逻辑发展的
frail: a.脆弱的,易损坏的,身体虚弱的
valiant: a.勇敢的,英勇的
phobia: n.1.恐惧症 2.恐惧,憎恶
ludicrous: a.滑稽有趣的,荒唐可笑的
人类是一殊为脆弱的生物体,因为掩盖着其恐惧心和不安全感的那层理性的外表是那么的薄弱,且常常易于破裂.

Although the passage of years has softened the initially　hostile reaction to his poetry, even now only a few　independent observers ------- his works.
praise
revile
scrutinize
criticize
neglect

答案：(A)
passage: n.(时间的)消逝,推移
soften: v.1.使变软,使软化,使缓和 2.使变暗,使变轻,使变淡 3.减轻,削弱
hostile: a.1.敌方的 2.怀敌意的,不友善的,不利的
revile: v.辱骂,痛斥
scrutinize: v.详细检查(观察),细看
尽管多年的岁月流逝已减缓了最初人们对他诗歌充满敌意的反应,但即使在目前,只有为数不多的独立观察家赞誉他的作品.

Unlike philosophers who constructed theoretically ideal　states, she built a theory based on -------; thus, although　her constructs may have been inelegant, they were ------　sound.
reality.. aesthetically
intuition.. intellectually
surmise.. scientifically
experience.. empirically
conjecture.. factually
答案：(D)

construct: a.1.构成物 2.观念,概念,构念
sound: a.1.强壮健康的 2.完好无病的 3.牢固的,可靠的　4.正确合理的,扎实的,精湛的
aesthetically: adv.美学地,艺术地,审美地
intuition: n.直觉
intellectually: adv.埋智地,理性地
surmise: n.推测,臆测,疑惑
empirically: adv.以经验为根据际,经验主义地,经验上
conjecture: n.猜测,揣摩
与那些构建理论上完美理想之状态的哲学家不同,她以经验为依据建立其理论,因此,尽管她的构念有可能不够雅致,但它们从经验主义的角度看却是切实可行的.

Once a duckling has identified a parent, the instinctive　bond becomes a powerful ------- for additional learning　since, by ------- the parent, the duckling can acquire　further information that is not genetically transmitted.
impulse.. surpassing
referent.. recognizing
force.. acknowledging
inspiration.. emulating
channel.. mimicking

答案：(E)
duckling: n.小鸭,幼鸭
identify: v.识别,确认,鉴定
parent: n.[生]亲本,亲代,母体
instinctive: a.本能的,出于天性的,直觉的
bond: n.约束力,结合力,联结,纽带
genetically: adv.1.创始的,起源的,发生的,自然生长的　2.历史上的,发展的,演变的 3.遗传学的
impulse: n.1.推动,驱使,冲力,推力 2.推动作用,冲力作用.　3.冲动,突然的欲望,一时的念头
referent: n.所指事物(对象),关系项,参照物
emulate: v.1.竭力赶超,与...竞争,比得上 2.仿效,模仿
channel: n.1.海峡 2.河床 3.沟渠 4.途径,门径 5.官方渠道,正式程序
mimic: v.1.模仿 2.(模拟地)戏弄
一旦某只小鸭辩认出其亲本,这种带有本能性质的纽带便变成一条极有用的进行额外学习的渠道,因为通过模仿其亲本,小鸭能进一步获取那些单靠基因遗传所无法传输给它的信息.

INFLATE: BURST
atrophy: evaporate
pull: tear
expose: hide
excavate : increase
break: shatter
答案：(B)
打气(使骄傲):爆裂
萎缩(衰退):蒸发
拉:撕裂
暴露:隐藏(动物生皮)
挖出:增加
打破:碎

FLIP: RESPECT::
curt : ignorance
bleak: firmness
wry: humor
nonchalant: concern
rash: promptness
答案：(D)
无礼的，轻率的:尊敬
简略而草率的:无知
荒凉的:稳固
挖苦的(扭曲的):幽默(纵容)
冷漠的，无动于衷的:关心
鲁莽的:敏捷

REQUEST: COMMAND::
propose: stipulate
enlist: support
relegate : consign
volunteer: accept
select: reject
答案：(A)

要求:命令
提议:强行规定(约定)
服兵役:支持
贬低(降级):委托，托运
自愿:接受
选择；拒绝

BOUNDLESS: LIMIT::
truncated : length
voracious ; appetite
impeccable: flaw
fascinating : interest
syncopated : beat
答案：(C)

无边界的:界限，限制
被切短的:长度
狼吞虎咽的(贪婪的):胃口
无瑕的:缺陷
迷人的:兴趣
切分节奏的(缩短的):有节奏的拍打(搅拌)

MOLT: BIRD
slough : snake
hibernate: bear
metamorphose: spider
shuck : oyster
hatch: egg
答案：(A)

换羽毛:鸟
蜕皮:蛇
冬眠:熊
变态:蜘蛛
去壳:牡蛎
孵(船舱盖):卵

RENOUNCE: PLEDGE::
exculpate: victim
desecrate : shrine
recriminate : hero
redeem : honor
rescind : order
答案：(E)

放弃，否认:誓言(抵押品)　
开脱罪责:牺牲品
亵渎:圣地
反控:男主角(英雄)
赎回(实践诺言):荣誉
废除，取消:命令

COWARD: CRAVEN::
liar: facetious
dupe: gullible
commentator: caustic
judge: impartial
criminal: hostile
答案：(B)

懦夫:胆怯的
撒谎之人:轻浮的(好开玩笑的)
轻信者:轻信的
评论员:尖刻的(腐蚀剂)
法官:公正的
罪犯:敌意的

ENFRANCHISE: VOTE::
advertise: sell
fumigate: kill
filter: purify
illuminate: see
ignite: burn
答案：(D)

给予选举权(释放):投票
做广告:卖
烟熏消毒:杀
过滤:纯化
照明(阐明):看
点燃:烧

STRUT: WING
beam: door
axle: wheel
guy: pylon
root: plant
twig: branch
答案：(C)

支杆(昂首阔步地走)；机翼
大梁:门
轴:轮
支索:铁塔
根:植物
细枝(理解):枝