由Which引导的定语从句

2.由which引导的定语从句

1）which在从句中作主语、谓语动词或介词的宾语。例如：

The building which stands near the river is our school.(作主语）

This is the book which you want.（作宾语）

The room in which there is a machine is a workshop.(作介词宾语）

2）引导非限制性定语从句时，必须用关系代词which,不用that。例如：

I have lost my pen,which I like very much.（关系代词which作宾语，代表主语中的pen）

New Concept English is intended for foreign students,which is known to all of us.(关系代词which作主语，代表整个主句）

She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a great honour.(关系代词which作宾语，代表整个主句）

3）of which 的用法

of which 是 which 的所有格形式，就像 whose 是 who 的所有格形式一样，在从句中作主语时，有以下两种结构：

Do you see the house,the windows of which(of which the windows)are all broken?

说明：“名词+ of which”的形式常用于非限制性定语从句中。

of which 所修饰的名词前应带定冠词。

4）in which case 等的用法

有时，用抽象名词（case,point,reason,situation,time等）来总结主句的内容时，可以用“介词+which+抽象名词”构成从句。例如：

The plane may be several hours late,in which case there's no point in our waiting.

The speaker paused to examine his notes,at which point a loud crash was heard.

Ten years of hard work changed her greatly,for which reason he could hardly recognize her at first sight.

It rained all night,during which time the ship broke in pieces.

5）the way 后接定语从句的用法

在 the way 后接定语从句有三种形式

That's the way he spoke.

That's the way that he did it.

That's the way in which you answered the question.

注意：英语中，the way 后不能用 how 引导定语从句。因为 how 不能作关系副词，如不说"That is the way how we spoke.",但可以说"That is how he spoke."这里，how 引导的名词性从句作表语。