英汉翻译笔记(1)

1.句式特征：by＋名词＋比较级＋than

The wire is by three inches longer than that one.
这根导线比那根长3英寸

2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋to+n.译为：增加到……或减少到……

Metal cutting machines have been decreased to 50.
金属切割机已经减少到50台。

1.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋％

The output value has increased 35%.
产值增加了35％

2.句式特征：表示增减意义的动词＋by＋％

The prime cost decreased by 60%.
主要成本减少60％

3.句式特征：表示减少意义的动词＋to+%表示减少后剩余的数量

By using this new-process the loss of metal was reduced to 20%.
采用这种新工艺，铁的损失量减少到20％

4.句式特征：％＋ 比较级 ＋than表示净增减的数量

Retail sales are expected to be nine percent higher than last year.
今年零售额与去年相比，有望增加9％。

5.句式特征：％ ＋ 比较级 ＋ 名词表示净减数

The new-type machine wasted 10 percent engergy supplied.
新型机械能耗量净减10％

6.句式特征：a + % + increase表示净增数

There is a 20% increase of steel as compared with last year.
与去年相比，今年钢产量净增20％

7.句式特征：％+ (of) 名词（代词）表示净减数，数字n照译

The production cost is about 60 percent that of last year.
今年产值仅为去年的60％

8.句式特征：%＋up on 或over表示净增数

The grain output of last year in this province was 20% percent up on that of 1978.
去年粮食产量比1978年净增20％。