Recently a survey indicated that only less than one tenth of the couples from one－child families applied to the local department concerned for bearing a second child. On the one hand, the result was beyond expectation; on the other hand, it is understandable. Not long before, an investigation had been made to count up the number of the couples among whom either the husband or the wife belongs to one－child family. If they have only one child, the can be allowed to give birth to another one. Now it seemed that most of these couples responded coldly to the favor. This attitude was quite different from that twenty or thirty years ago. At that time many people were strongly opposed to the family planning policy. They bore one more child at the risk of being fined or fired. But as time passed, people began to realize the benefit of the policy and accept it gradually. It is intolerable for these couples to afford the heavy expenditure of raising another child.