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For many years , people in the south owned black African slaves . In the 1860s , the United States fought the civil war because of slavery. During the war , all of the slaves were freed . But there were still many problems between blacks and whites . There was a lot of discrimination against blacks. This means they were not treated fairly . Also ,blacks and whites in the south were segregated . So they ate at separate restaurants . They went to separate schools . And they even sat in separate places on buses. But in the 1950s, the civil rights movement began in the south. Blacks began demanding equal treatment . The most famous leader of the movement was Martin Luther King ,Jr. Blacks often organized boycotts of different places . They had sit-ins at restaurants where they were not allowed to eat. King tried to use nonviolence . But the police and others often used violence against blacks . still ,in 1964 ,the civil rights act was passed . It guaranteed equal rights for people of all colors.
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