It is cheering to learn that many colleges and universities have devoted great effort to encouraging students' critical thinking. Nowadays, few professors require students to share their own beliefs. In general, many professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine arguments of others, including some of theirs. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It means, howerver, professors will usually ask you to support your views you express in class or in your writing.
If your premises are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors may personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Many professors want you to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and understand whether or not you can draw a logical conclusion from them. Put it this way, professors don't tell you what should think, they try to teach you how to think.
On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class you should be prepared to offer a strong arguement to support your ideas. Arguing just for the sake arguing usually does not promote a critical examination ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness.