Everywhere in the world where people change a natural ecosystem into agriculture, the land degrades. The visible part is erosion, when soil particles leave the land, transported by gravity, water or wind. Some erosion is natural but present rates are more than worrying. Fortunately there are many ways to reduce erosion.
Soil erosion can be predicted from the kind of soil, what it is used for, how it is farmed, the lay of the land, and size of the field. Ultimately, all soil ends up in the sea. It is a natural process that brings nutrients to the sea where it fertilises the coastal fishery. But too much of a good thing causes problems.
The landscapes we see today have existed for a very long time. Under the influences of climate and cover, they have formed into shapes that minimise the loss of soil and nutrients.