英语四级作文备考技巧之简洁
好的写作，首先而且至关重要的一点就是简洁。繁冗的写作堆砌了许多无用的词藻，反而减弱表述的清晰度。当然，也不能仅仅因为简短就认为短句一定优于长句。只要一个单词确实能起到一定的作用，它就应该留在句中。一般来说，只有在进行强调或修饰、美化句子时，才能使用重复的单词、语音和短语。修改文章，就是要删繁就简。比较下面这对句子，注意体会二者的差别及效果。
1) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by means of a big boat.
2) Dr. Sun Yat-sen went to Japan by boat.
斜体字部分较啰嗦，因为"by"就是"by means of boat"。
词语简化的一些技巧
策略之一：删除诸如"who is”或"that is"之类的关系代词，变从句为短语。
例:
Wordy: The novel, which is written in three parts, told a story that took place in the Middle Ages.
Better: The three-part novel told a story set in the Middle Ages.
注：把句中的”three parts”改用形容词来表达，节省了四个不必要的单词”which is written in”。我们经常可以将关系代词如”that”去掉，这只会引起最少的变动。
策略之二：用介词短语替代从句。
例:
Wordy: While they were playing tennis, she started an argument that lasted all morning.
Better: During tennis she started an argument that lasted all morning.
Wordy: When you come to the second traffic light, turn right.
Better: At the second traffic light turn left.
策略之三：表达否定意义时，尽量避免使用否定词。英语中很多词不用 "no’s" 或者"not’s"也能表达否定含义的词汇，你尽可以采取更为委婉的表达方式。
例：
Thus college students who do not have sufficient financial backing ,
也就是 college students who lacks sufficient financial backing。
如果你不想使用太多的否定词，就应该尽量避免使用它们。
策略之四：剔除你不需要的单词
"Two joint partners will present their views over a long-distance telephone call. "
写完这样的句子后，你自己再读一遍，挑出单词”joint”和”telephone”，注意删去不必要的词。
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