雅思写作：写议论文时的词汇
在雅思写作中能够得心应手的正确使用各种英文表达，对于许多考生来说都是一件心向往之却身久不能至的憾事。大多数考生对于写作词汇和句法的积累，依旧停留在机械的背单词背句子的低层次上，长此以往英文的表达能力不仅不会有长足的进步，甚至还会由于存在大量词不达意、文不对题的表达而导致英文水平退步。词汇学习关键要结合“四种短语”搭配法在语境中系统掌握和运用。
一、动词+名词
动词加名词结构在英文议论文中使用的频率最多。它既可以用在主动语态的句子中，也可以用在被动语态的句子中。但要注意：这里使用的动词是及物动词。下面给大家列举几个例子。
例一：spoil one’s children溺爱孩子
剑四4 These children are often spoilt, not in terms of love and attention because working parents do not have the time for this, but in more material ways.
例二：Encounter situations and experiences遭遇不同的处境和经历
剑五4 Instead, the traits we inherit from our parents and the experiences and situations we encounter in life are so unpredictable and so powerful, that they can boost or over-ride other influences, and there seems to be plenty of research findings to confirm this.
例三：shape one’s personality影响人的性格
剑五4 It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops.
例四：raise the awareness提高意识
剑五B I think, therefore, that governments need to raise this awareness in the general public.
例五：take action采取行动
剑五B Children can be educated about environmental issues at school, but adults need to take action.
例六：produce waste制造垃圾
剑五B I think it is true that in almost every country today each household and family produces a large amount of waste every week.
二、动词+介词
动词加名词是英文表达中容易出错的结构：考生总会想当然的给动词搭配一个介词，甚至直接省略不加。朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生注意：这种结构主要用在主动语态的句子中，很少用于被动语态。同时，这里使用的动词是不及物动词。下面给大家列举几个例子。
例一：lie in something在于…
剑四2 While some people link happiness to wealth and material success, others think it lies in emotions and loving personal relationships.
例二：lie with somebody应由…承担责任
剑四4 But I think the solution to the problem lies with the families, who need to be more aware of the future consequences of spoiling their children.
例三：benefit from something从…中获益
剑四B They still spend plenty of time at home with their parents, so they can benefit from both environments.
例四：end up doing something以…告终
剑四4 Young people may end up never returning to their studies or finding it difficult to readapt to an academic environment.
例五：depend on依赖，取决于
剑五4 But whether these characteristics are able to develop within the personality of an individual surely depends on whether the circumstances allow such a development.
例六：use up something用完，耗尽
剑五B We forgot that even the cheapest plastic bag has used up valuable resources and energy to produce.
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