2014年雅思图表说明文解析

　　雅思图表说明文的特点

　　• 1. 图表说明文的特点，关键词：report, university lecturer

　　• 2. 图表说明文body部分的2个步骤

　　• 3. Introduction改写的方法：主谓宾定状补

　　• 4. 曲线图的核心词汇：4大核心名词/动词，4大核心形容词/副词

　　• 5. 饼状图核心词汇：占百分之…，引出数据的4种方法(代表着不同的语法形式)

　　• 6. 柱状图：Introduction中的宾语一定要明确具体，为下文写作做好铺垫

　　• 7. 表格图：数据多，复杂的图表要首先理出主线，即打算用这个图表说明一个什么问题，再开始写作

　　• 8. 流程图：雅思考察的是语言，不涉及专业知识，所以运用常识图表肯定看得懂。写作技巧：上义词，每阶段连接词。

　　Ⅱ、雅思图表作文Body部分的4个步骤

　　• 去伪存真：默认所有数据真实可信

　　• 去粗取精: 具体的数值(最大值，最小值，中间值)

　　• 由此及彼: 分析，对比(近似值，关联值)

　　• 由表及里：归纳，总结

　　• 经过这四个步骤，文章也逐渐由浅入深，从感性认识升华成理性认识!

　　PART2: Detailed Approaches

　　Ⅰ、雅思图表作文用词

　　1、主语的表达：

　　Chart = graph = diagram

　　曲线图：line / curve chart

　　柱状图：bar / column graph

　　饼状图：pie diagram

　　表格图：table / statistics / figures

　　流程图：the flow diagram

　　2、表明，展示

　　• Show, indicate, point out

　　• Give information about

　　• Provide datum/data of

　　• Describe, illustrate, present, display, reflect, demonstrate, depict, reveal, exhibit

　　3、修饰动词的常用副词

　　• Clearly, plainly, apparently, obviously, vividly

　　• Specially, particularly

　　• Relative, relatively

　　• Comparative, comparatively

　　4、常用关联词

　　• 顺承：also, besides, in addition

　　• 转折：however, on the other hand, conversely

　　• 同时：meanwhile, in the same time

　　• 类比：similarly

　　• 强调：in particular

　　5、上升，增加

　　• Increase, raise, rise, go up, climb, grow

　　• Mount, soar, jump

　　• Ascend

　　• Rocket, skyrocket

　　• Surge, surge up, upsurge

　　6、下降，减少

　　• Decrease, drop, fall, go down

　　• Reduce, decline, plummet, abate

　　• Descend

　　• Shrink to/by

　　• Collapse, plunge, slump

　　7、稳定

　　• Keep/remain/stay/maintain stable/steady/unchanged/constant/the same

　　• in a stationary phase

　　• Stabilize

　　8、变化后保持稳定

　　• Level off

　　• Level out

　　• Bottom out

　　• Reach a plateau

　　9、起伏不定

　　• Wave, fluctuate, go up and down

　　• Be unstable, be flexible

　　• Be in instability, be in flexibility

　　10、达到高位/低位

　　• Reach/hit a high/low point

　　• Reach/hit the highest/lowest point/nadir = maximize/minimize

　　• Reach a peak/summit, reach/touch the bottom/trough

　　• Peak (v), summit (v)

　　11、占百分之…

　　• Form, comprise, make up, occupy

　　• Constitute, cover, account for

　　• Be shared by

　　• Half of…

　　• A quarter of…

　　12、做比较，表倍数

　　• A has something in common with b

　　• A shares some similarity with b

　　• The difference between a and b lies in...

　　• Double, triple, quadruple (v, n, adj, adv)

　　13、急剧的/地

　　• Rapid, rapidly

　　• Fast, fast

　　• Quick, quickly

　　• Sharp, sharply

　　• Dramatic, dramatically

　　• Steep, steeply

　　• Drastic, drastically

　　• Exponential, exponentially(成倍地)

　　14、显著的/地

　　• Great, greatly

　　• Large, largely

　　• Vast, vastly

　　• Considerable, considerably

　　• Significant, significantly

　　• Remarkable, remarkably

　　• Marked, markedly

　　• Noticeable, noticeably

　　• Conspicuous, conspicuously

　　15、逐渐，稳步的/地

　　• Stable, stably

　　• Steady, steadily

　　• Moderate, moderately

　　• Gradual, gradually

　　• Smooth, smoothly

　　• Mild, mildly

　　16、轻微，缓慢的/地

　　• Slight, slightly

　　• Slow, slowly

　　• Marginal, marginally

　　• Minute, minutely

　　17、大约

　　• About, around

　　• Nearly, almost

　　• More or less

　　• Roughly, approximately

　　• 举例：Approximately 4,500 tents, 3,000 quilts and other relief material was being distributed, officials said, according to the Xinhua report. ( 摘自：CNN Report: One dead from quake in SW China )

　　18、趋势

　　• an upward / rising / increasing tendency

　　• a downward / falling / decreasing trend

　　19、倍数

　　• Double

　　• Triple

　　• Quadruple

　　20、时间

　　• From … to …

　　• Between … and …

　　• Starting from …till…

　　21、根据…

　　• According to

　　• In accordance with

　　• Based on

　　• In terms of

　　• In the light of

　　22、和…相比

　　• Comparing…

　　• Compared with/to…

　　• In comparison with…

　　• Different from…

　　• Relative to…

　　23、然而

　　• While, whilst, whereas, yet

　　• However

　　• On the contrary

　　• In/by contrast, in/by marked contrast to…(与…形成鲜明对照)

　　• Nevertheless, nonetheless

　　• On the other hand

　　24、总之

　　• To conclude, In conclusion

　　• To summarize, In summary

　　• To recapitulate, In recapitulation

　　• To sum up

　　• All in all

　　• Overall

　　• In brief

　　Ⅱ、流程图写作补充词汇

　　1、Chronological order(表次序)

　　• First, firstly, first of all, at first

　　• First and foremost

　　• In the first stage

　　• To begin/start with

　　• In/at the beginning

　　• Initially

　　• Second, secondly, second of all

　　• In the second stage

　　• Next, then, later

　　• In the next step

　　• After that

　　• While, as, during

　　• At the same time

　　• Meanwhile

　　• Simultaneously

　　• At this point

　　• Finally, lastly, at last

　　• In the final/last stage

　　• The last thing

　　• Eventually

　　2、表目的

　　• In order to

　　• In order that

　　• So as to

　　• So that

　　3、上义词/下义词

　　• 上义词是对事物概括性、抽象性说明;下义词是事物的具体表现形式的说明。

　　• Migrate-immigrate/emigrate

　　• Move-walk-stroll/hobble/stride/wander

　　• Top students allow no interruptions of their study time. Once the books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and newspapers unread.

　　• 我们最常用的上义词：make, take, have, get

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