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百喻经之二四: 种熬胡麻子喻

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§24 种熬胡麻子喻

(24) to cultivate the boiled sesame

昔有愚人,生食胡麻子,以为不美,熬而食之为美。便生念言:“不如熬而种之,后得美者。”

once upon a time, a stupid man who, after eating the raw sesame, found it not as tasty as the boiled kind. he said to himself, "i would boil the sesame before cultivating it. this way i could produce better sesame."

便熬而种之,永无生理。

he then boiled and cultivated it as he had planned. however, the attempt failed altogether.

世人亦尔。以菩萨旷劫修行,因难行苦行,以为不乐,便作念言:“不如作阿罗汉,速断生死,其功甚易。”后欲求佛果,终不可得。如彼灼种,无复生理。世间愚人,亦复如是。

so are the people at large who consider it difficult to follow bodhisattva's practice, due to the strict requirement of eternities of the strenuous efforts. finding no pleasure, they think that it will be easier for them to become arahant's by cutting quickly off the transmigration, without realizing that they would never attain buddhahood that way, just as the boiled seed that would never grow.

this is just like the story of the stupid who tried to cultivate boiled sesame.

注释:

①胡麻子:即芝麻。在我国西北地区,有些地方把油用亚麻也叫做胡麻,其子亦可食,油渣可作饲料。

②菩萨旷劫修行句:菩萨,为菩提萨埵的简称。意译为觉有情、高士等,其主要含义是:立志修持大乘教义,以智慧上求觉悟,下利众生,以求佛果的佛教修行者。此外,在封建社会,朝廷也赐名给有声望的大德高僧菩萨的称号。在世人中对于有德高僧亦尊称为菩萨。旷劫,十分久远的岁月年代。佛教对此有不同解释。劫,梵文音译为“劫波”,鲁迅先生有“度尽劫波兄弟在,相逢一笑泯恩仇”的诗句,这里的“劫波”引伸义为灾难。大体上劫分为大劫、中劫、小劫。岁月经过约八万四千年称为一增,既一小劫,再过约八万四千年称为一减,又是一小劫;一增一减合为一中劫;一大劫共包括八十个中劫,其中又分成、住、坏、空四个时期,每个时期各包括二十个中劫。全句意为:追求佛果的修行者经过漫长的岁月信守不渝。

③熬:炒。

源流:

  《菩提资粮论》卷四:如被烧种子,虽置地中,水浇日暖,终不能生。(《中华大藏经》第二十九册第四六八页)

  《法苑珠林》卷二十三:事等破瓶,义同焦种,亦如多罗(绵),既断,宁可重生。析石已离,终无还合。(《大正藏》第五十三册第四十五页)

白话:

从前有个愚蠢的人,生吃胡麻子,觉得味道不好,就把胡麻子煮熟了吃,感觉味道很好。他想到,“不如把胡麻子煮熟后种到地里,以后就会得到美兜暮樽印!庇谑蔷桶阎罅说暮樽又值搅说乩铮比挥涝兑渤げ怀龊樽永础?/p>

世上也有这样的人,以为追求佛果的修行者要经过漫长的岁月并信守不渝,这是非常艰难的苦行,没有乐趣,就产生了这样的想法:“不如修证阿罗汉果,很快地脱离在人世间生死的轮回,修证的功夫比较容易把握。”结果以后再想成就更高的佛果,就不可能达到了。好像把煮熟的种子播到地里,是不可能生长的道理一样。世上愚昧的人,也是如此。

辨析:

一分耕耘,一分收获。世上的事都是由许多条件或者因果构成的,种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆,撒什么种子开什么花。只凭借主观想象,是不能代替客观事物本身的。取巧的想法,走捷径的心理都不能代替事物发生、发展变化的每一个具体环节。佛学中对此认识是有见地的,它对于信徒的要求是能彻底的解脱,这种解脱可以认为具有自由的内涵。

另外,附带讲一句,本文中所谈到的“佛果”是指达到彻底“灭”除,包括肉体、精神的“涅槃”境界,是一种“无我”的存在。
                  (摘自《百喻经注释与辨析》荆三隆 邵之茜著)

供您思考:

圣法法师在《百喻故事广释》里说:人有善良的人,也有凶恶的人。有仁慈有德的人,也有奸诈阴险的人,只是一念的善念恶念的差别。古人说:“世人孰无过,改非为圣贤”。不能改过向善的人,即永远无光明的前途。都是缺乏善的业因。一个人要有谦虚改过的美德,心里就有光明,若是固执奸诈,就如没有门窗的房子,清鲜的空气都透不进来,也没有阳光,变成死寂的房屋,人即不能久住。

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